B IV.~| THE HISTOEY OF ANIMALS. 93 



12. The eel also is enticed out in this way, for they place 

 a pitcher of salt food, covering the mouth of the pitcher 

 with another vessel pierced with holes, and the eels are 

 quickly drawn forth by the smell of the bait. Baits made 

 of the roasted flesh of the cuttle fish, on account of its 

 strong smell, attract fish very readily. They say they put 

 the roasted flesh of the polypus upon their hooks for nothing 

 but its strong smell. 



13. And the fish called rhyades, 1 when the washings of 

 fish or of fetid drains are emptied into the water, make 

 their escape as if smelling the foetid odour. They say that 

 fish soon smell the blood of their own kind ; this is plain 

 from their hastening from any place where the blood of 

 fishes may be. On the whole, if any one use a putrid bait, 

 the fish will not come near it ; but if a fresh strong-smelling 

 bait is used, they will come to it from a great distance. 



14. This is especially observable in what was said of 

 dolphins, for these creatures have not external organs of 

 hearing, but are captured by being stunned with a noise, as 

 was before observed ; neither have they any external organs 

 of smell, yet their scent is acute. Therefore, it is evident 

 that all creatures have these senses. Other kinds of animals 

 are divided into four classes ; and these contain the mul- 

 titude of remaining animals, namely, the malacia, malaco- 

 straca, testacea, and insects. 



15. Of these the malacia, the malacostraca, and insects have 

 all the senses, for they can see, smell, and taste. Insects, whe- 

 ther they have wings or are apterus, can smell from a great 

 distance, as the bee and the cnips 2 scent honey, for they 

 perceive it from a long distance, as if they discovered it by 

 the scent. Many of them perish by the fumes of sxilphur : 

 ants leave their hills when origanum and sulphur are 

 sprinkled upon them. Almost all of them escape from the 

 fumes of burnt stags' horns, but most of all do they avoid 

 the smell of burnt styrax. 



16. The sepia, also, the polypus, and the carabus are 

 caught with baits ; the polypus holds the bait so fast that 

 it holds on even when cut : if a person hold cony za to them, 

 they let go as soon as they smell it. So, also, of the sense 

 of taste, for they follow different kinds of food, and do not 



1 A fish living in shoals. 2 Perhaps some species of ant. 



