SOME GREAT NAMES IN BIOLOGY 



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perfect man in the realm of science," a man beloved by his coun- 

 trymen and honored by the entire world. 



Robert Koch. — Another name associated with the battle 

 against disease germs is that of Robert Koch. Born in Klausthal, 

 Hanover, in 1843, he later be- 

 came a practicing physician, 

 and about 1880 was called to 

 Berlin to become a member of 

 the sanitary commission and 

 professor in the school of medi- 

 cine. In 1881 he discovered 

 the germ that causes tubercu- 

 losis and two years later the 

 germ that causes Asiatic chol- 

 era. His later work has been 

 directed toward the discovery 

 of a cure for tuberculosis and 

 other germ diseases. As yet, 

 however, no certain cure seems 

 to have been found. 



Lister and Antiseptic Treat- 

 ment of Wounds. — A third 

 great benefactor of mankind 

 was Sir Joseph Lister, an Eng- 

 lishman who was born in 1827. 



As a professor of surgery he first applied antiseptics in the op- 

 erating room. By means of the use of carbolic acid or other 

 antiseptics on the surface of wounds, on instruments, and on 

 the hands and clothing of the operating surgeons, disease germs 

 were prevented from taking a foothold in the wounds. Thus 

 blood poisoning was prevented. This single discovery has done 

 more to prevent death after operations than any other of recent 

 time. 



Modern Workers on the Blood. — At the present time several 

 names stand out among investigators on the blood. Paul Ehrlich, 

 a German born in 1854, is justly famous for his work on the blood 

 and its relation to immunity from certain diseases. His able 



Robert Koch. 



