CLASSIFICATION OF VERTEBRATA 



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4. Sub-order PHOENICOPTERL Nidifugous. Very long 

 legs and neck ; front toes completely webbed. 



Phoenicopterus. Cosmopolitan ; since Miocene. 

 Elornis, Palaelodus. Oligocene, Europe. 



6. Order Anseriformes. Desmognathous, nidicolous, with 

 bwo pairs of sterno-tracheal muscles, with complete basiptery- 

 goid processes and with a penis. 



1. Sub-order PALAMEDEAE. Without uncinate processes 

 )n the ribs. 



Quadrate with two proximal articular knobs. 



Hypotarsus simple. 



Neotropical : Palamedea, Chauna. 



2. Sub - order ANSERES. Hypotarsus complex. Basi- 

 )terygoid processes articulating near the anterior ends of the 

 )terygoids. Cosmopolitan. 



Only Family Anatidae. Anas, Anser, Cygnus, etc. Since 

 Liocene. 



Cnemiornis. Plistocene, New Zealand ; flightless. 



7. Order Falconiformes. Desmognathous, nidicolous, 

 irnivorous, terrestrial, without functional caeca. 



1. Sub-order CATHARTAE. Withnares perviae. American. 

 Only Family Cathartidae. Cathartes, Catharistes. 



2. Sub -order ACCIPITRES. With nares imperviae. 

 Cosmopolitan. 



Gypogeranidae. Gypogeranus. Ethiopian. 

 Vulturidae. From Portugal to Siam, and to South Africa. 

 Falconidae. Gypaetus ; Aquila since Oligocene, Falco, 

 Pandion. 



Harpagornis. Plistocene, New Zealand. 



Lithornis. Eocene, England. 



8. Order Tinamiformes. - Nidifugous, with incisura 

 3chiadica, without pygostyle. Neotropical. 



Sub-order TINAMI. Crypturidae. Tinamus s. Crypturus, 

 Rhynchotus, Nothura, etc. 



9. Order Galliformes. Terrestrial, schizognathous ; with 

 ten functional remiges. With strong spinae sterni (either spina 



iterna, eventually sp. communis, and in this case without 

 basipterygoid processes, or only with a strong spina externa 

 and with basipterygoid processes). 



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