PARISH OF RUDSTONE. 245 



The finding of ' drinking 1 cups ' in connection with burials after 

 cremation is of very infrequent occurrence : indeed, I do not know 

 of any previous instance on the wolds in which such a conjunction 

 has been observed. 



Amongst the material of the barrow were several animal bones 1 ; 

 many flint chippings, two round scrapers, six saws, and a knife, all 

 of flint. Besides these articles there was a pounder or rubbing- 

 stone [fig. 13] ; it is formed from a water-rolled quartzite pebble, 

 of flattened globular shape, and shows signs of having been a long 

 time in use, as it is worn into a great number of facets all round 

 the edge. Many sherds of pottery were found scattered throughout 

 the whole of the mound. 



LXIII. The next barrow of this group opened by me was a little 

 more than 200 yards west-south-west of the last. It was 78 ft. 

 in diameter, and still 6J ft. high, notwithstanding the action of 

 the plough, and was principally formed of earth, having however 

 some chalk rubble on the south side near the surface of the mound, 

 and layers of chalk in other parts. The whole of the barrow on 

 the south and east sides, with a considerable portion of the north 

 side, was turned over to beyond the centre, but the remaining 

 section was not disturbed : I cannot therefore speak positively, as 

 if the fact had been ascertained, that the trench about to be de- 

 scribed went entirely round the mound in its circuit ; but from the 

 analogy of some other similar trenches met with in my researches, 

 I may say that I have little doubt that it did so 2 . The trench was 

 drawn with a radius which varied from 18 ft. to 27 ft. from the 

 centre, measuring from the inside edge ; as it extended towards the 

 east side the radius lengthened, and at a point east- south-east from 

 the centre it attained the length of 29 ft. It was about 4 ft. wide 

 at the top, varying between 2 ft. and 3 ft. in width at the bottom, 

 and was sunk into the chalk rock to a depth of 3J ft. The measure- 



1 The animal bones, those which had contained marrow being split open, comprised 

 a large number of bos longifrons, and a single bone of a pig ; all the animals had 

 been adults with the exception of one of the oxen ; a single ox bone was calcined. 



2 I have met with three other instances where a trench was found surrounding the 

 inner portion of a barrow, one on Potter Brompton Wold [No. xxii], another in one 

 of the Weaverthorpe series [No. xlvii], and the third at Thwing [No. be]. A some- 

 what similar feature was discovered in a barrow in the parish of Edderstone, Ross- 

 shire, where a ditch, 3 ft. deep, seemed to surround the mound. In the ditch was 

 found an urn containing burnt bones and some pieces of bronze. At the centre of the 

 barrow was a cist, with burnt bones, a piece of bronze, apparently the point of a blade, 

 and a glass bead. Proc. Soc. of Ant. Scotland, vol. v. p. 311. 



