396 WESTMORELAND. 



and in close proximity to it. One body, that of a strongly made 

 man about 30 years of age, had the left foot still in its place and 

 in contact with the south corner of the cist ; he had apparently 

 been laid on the left side with the head to N.E. The other 

 two bodies, one of which was probably that of a female under 

 20 years of age, had most likely been discovered outside the cist, 

 into which some of the bones had been thrown by the persons 

 who had then opened it. Some charcoal was found on the bottom 

 of the cist. Amongst the disturbed material, and close to the 

 side of the cist, an implement made from a metamorphic rock 

 was met with, and which may possibly have originally been placed 

 in the cist in association with the man who had been interred 

 therein. It is 5 in. long, J- in. wide, | in. thick, and widens a 

 little at each end, where it is ground to a cutting edge and shows 

 signs of having been used. If it had not been provided with 

 the cutting edge at each end I should have been inclined to 

 regard it as a whetstone, both on account of its shape and material, 

 but there can be little doubt that it has been a chisel, and the 

 appearance of its having been used at both ends is in favour of 

 that idea. Indiscriminately placed in the cairn were some bones 

 of ox and goat, and a portion of a large red-deer's antler which had 

 part of the frontal bone attached to it. 



PARISH OF CROSBY RAVENSWORTH. Ord. Map. en. s.w. 



Immediately to the north of the parish of Orton is that of 

 Crosby Ravensworth, the division being the high ridge of lime- 

 stone rock upon which the last-described cairns were situated. 

 Like the neighbouring parishes of Orton, Asby, and Shap, it once 

 abounded in various remains of early occupation cairns, circles 

 of stones 1 , and structures as to the purpose of which it is in vain even 

 to form a conjecture. Those which still exist form but a small 

 portion of what once constituted its ' pre-historic ' relics, for the 

 enclosing of the land with stone walls has been here, as else- 

 where, a most destructive agent. Hammers, axes, and other imple- 

 ments of stone have occurred but sparingly; the greater part of 

 the parish however being pasture-land, there is not much oppor- 

 tunity for their discovery. A bronze javelin-head was found in 



1 Some of these have been described by Mr. Soden Smith in a paper in the Journal 

 of the Arch. Inst., vol. xxvii. p. 200. 



