532 LONG B ARROWS. 



may have been used for the reception only of displaced bodies, 

 which would, by the process of removal from one half of the trench 

 to the other, get more intimately intermingled with the rubble than 

 others not so transported. The bones of children were noted to be 

 mixed up indiscriminately with those of adults, as well as with 

 rubble, as though several skeletons had been removed together and 

 confusedly; but I have not been able to refer any of the bones 

 found in the one half to the skeletons represented in the other 

 half of the trench ; and we are therefore justified, perhaps, in 

 holding that eight interments, three of children and five of adults, 

 should be assigned by us to this half of the trench-grave. In the 

 aggregation of bones labelled * No. 6,' two humeri with perforated 

 olecranic fossae were found, and with them a portion of a very old 

 upper jaw. Both the arm and the jaw bones may very likely have 

 belonged to an aged female, it being in females of priscan times, 

 as Professor Broca 1 has remarked, that this perforation is most 

 commonly observed, and it being readily intelligible that in hardly- 

 worked and often scantily-fed individuals, such as the females in 

 savage tribes, such an absorption would be likely to take place. 

 A large proportion of the bones from this part of the trench showed 

 old breakages, their broken surfaces being stained, like the other 

 surfaces, with oxide of iron. 



Out of a number of bones found at the W.N.W. end of the 

 trench-grave one calvarium has been recovered and labelled 'No. 

 8.' It is chiefly remarkable as having been considerably though 

 equably flattened till it has come to resemble in contour and pro- 

 portion a skull once in the hands of Dr. Buckland, now in the 

 Oxford University Museum, and referred to by Professor Nilsson 

 (British Assoc. Report, 1847, p. 32), as having been found 500 ft. 

 down in a tin mine, and as illustrating the type of the race 

 which he supposes to have been second in order of time amongst 

 the inhabitants of Scandinavia. With these bones were mixed 

 up the bones, and, notably, the horn cores, of a goat, Copra tiircus ; 

 the human bones representing skeletons of two children be- 

 tween eight and twelve years of age, of one infant, and of three 

 adults. Many of these bones were much stained with the man- 

 ganic oxide. Some of those bones found thus at the extreme 

 W.N.W. end of the grave were found to fit with bones belonging 

 to skeletons, represented, not in the W.N.W. end of the grave itself, 

 but in the gallery leading to it from the exterior, and in the part 

 I M&noires, vol. ii. p. 364, 1874. 



