540 LONG BARROWS. 



been called ' cymbo-cephalic ' by Professor Wilson when he employed 

 that term in 1850 before the British Association. In one of these, 

 ' No. 2 a' the skull of a young man, the principal sutures, longi- 

 tudinal as well as transverse, are entirely free from anchylosis, 

 showing thereby that the form of the skull in these ' scapho-cephali' 

 depends upon that of the brain, and not vice versa. The other 

 three male crania belong to that elongated vaulted variety of skull, 

 of which the Engis skull, the 'Hohberg typus ' of His and Rutimeyer, 

 and the ' Grave Row ' skulls of Professor Ecker, may be taken as 

 familiar examples. The sex of the tenth skull appears to me to be 

 doubtful, though I incline to think it to have been a female's. This 

 skull, as already observed, is closely similar in proportion and con- 

 tour to a skull referred to by Professor Nilsson as existing in Dr. 

 Buckland's 'rich museum, 5 at the time of the Meeting of the British 

 Association in Oxford in 1847 (see Report, p. 32), and as having 

 come from a depth of 500 feet in a tin mine in Cornwall. It is of 

 importance to note that skulls of this kind are reported by Professor 

 Nilsson (I. c.) to have been found, as we have found them here, in 

 the same place with the boat-shaped heads which he, nevertheless, 

 ascribes to an earlier epoch j and as we have no reason for thinking 

 that any one of the skulls from this interment differs materially in 

 point of date from any other, we are driven to the conclusion that 

 the dolicho-cephalic type enjoyed considerable elasticity as to its 

 limits even in times which are sometimes supposed to have been 

 marked by great uniformity in cranial conformation, 



The lower jaws from this barrow give perhaps as unmistakeable 

 evidence of the ' priscan ' character of the skulls as any other part of 

 their organization. They are nearly all marked by a deficient de- 

 velopment of the region of the chin, but they do not present that 

 disproportionate development of the alveolar part of the symphysial 

 region which is so marked in many long-barrow specimens, nor 

 have they that thickening of the ramus in the molar region which 

 may often be noted in jaws of this early period in this country 

 and elsewhere. On the other hand, a second peculiarity rarely to 

 be seen in the lower jaws of cultured races is present in several of 

 these, namely, the shortness of the coronoid process. The deficient 

 development of the chin would be paralleled very commonly in 

 the lower jaws of the dolicho-cephalic Hindoos proper and of the 

 African races ; but in these latter races the coronoid process would 

 usually pass behind the zygomatic arch when the jaw was shut, 

 which would not be the case in these nor in many other long- 



