DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES OF SKULLS. 593 



developed and devoid of any traces of division into linea superiores 

 and linea supreme, as, V. Baer 1 observes, is usually the case when 

 the inferior preponderates in size over the superior squama occipitis. 



In the norma basalis we have to note the width of the basilar 

 process of the occipital bone, a point often remarkable in the lower 

 races of mankind, and the roughness and thickening of the posterior 

 border of the occipital foramen., a development often noticeable in 

 skulls with the brain-case rotated backwards, and correlated with 

 the maintenance of the balance of the head by giving attachment 

 to ligaments. 



The wisdom teeth are very much less worn than the two first 

 molars ; only one wisdom tooth however has been developed in the 

 lower jaw. 



The lower jaw has lost by water- wear a good deal of its angle on 

 the side figured; the angle on the side not shown in the figure, 

 though it would even by itself have been assigned to the male sex, 

 has by no means the boldly defined outlines and large size usually 

 seen in the brachy-cephali of this series. The inter-angular 

 diameter however of the entire jaw is as large as that of even larger 

 skulls of this type. 



The parieto-occipital dip is eminently brachy-ceplialic ; the point 

 of maximum height is anterior to the coronal suture, the point of 

 maximum width is the region representing the faintly marked 

 parietal tubera. 



This skull does not show any traces of the not uncommon 

 asymmetry of the parieto-occipital region produced by careless 

 one-sided carriage in infancy; but it has a singular and sug- 

 gestive resemblance to many of the artificially deformed skulls 

 of the New World, though it is not likely that it was subjected 

 to any such process purposively carried out. Skulls like this 

 resemble some of the purposively deformed skulls, firstly, in 

 general antero-posterior contour from the large supraciliary 

 ridges over to the similarly developed transversa crista occipitis; 

 secondly, in the general relations of maximum breadth to the 

 extreme length ; thirdly, in the position of that plane of maxi- 

 mum breadth far back in the plane of extreme length ; fourthly, 



1 Crania Selecta, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersburg, Ser. vi. torn. viii. 1859. His 

 words are, 'Cristam (transversarn occipitis) in plurimis hominibus in binos arcus 

 sub angulo manifesto inter se conjunctos dividi patet; attamen in animalibus multis 

 crista transversa occipitis etiam binis arcubus constituitur, et in homine angulus 

 medius non raro fere evanescit, et quidem ubi pars inferior ossis occipitis magnam 

 habet evolutionem, pars superior vero parvam.' 



