604 DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES OF SKULLS. 



with the anterior intertrochanteric line, a peculiarity much more 

 marked in the much smaller femora of the skeleton next to be 

 described; whilst the size of the linea aspersa in the area over 

 which its two lips are combined is such as to give the fluted 

 appearance to the posterior aspect of the femur which has procured 

 for such bones the name of * femurs a colonnes * (Topinard, I/Anthro- 

 pologie, p. 324, 1876). 



This skull, and the one next to be described, Duggleby i. 2, may 

 be taken as typical representatives of the male and female form 

 respectively of the Hohberg type of His and Riitimeyer as described 

 and figured in the ' Crania Helvetica' of those authors. There can 

 be no doubt as to the respective sexes and ages of these two skulls, 

 the trunk and limb-bones of both having been available for 

 examination as well as the crania, though many of both sets of 

 bones in both cases have suffered considerably from posthumous 

 injury, and have to be spoken of as reconstructed. 



There are several modifications of the dolicho-cephalic type found 

 in barrows of the Neolithic Period which do not correspond with the 

 Hohberg type just mentioned ; that type however is found in those 

 barrows, and these skulls, though of a later date, very fairly repre- 

 sent it, and their respective sexes being certainly fixed they enable 

 us to distinguish in this type the characters which have an ethno- 

 graphical from those which have merely a sexual significance. 



The skull, Langton Wold i, is distinctly and essentially ortho- 

 gnathous, as shown by comparison of the basi-cranial with the basio- 

 subnasal and basio-alveolar lengths ; the supraciliary ridges owe 

 their large size to the masculine character of the skeleton they 

 belong to, they meet., however, as these ridges are said to do in this 

 type by the ethnologists just referred to, without that depression in 

 the middle glabellar line which is usual in the brachy-cephali ; the 

 median vertical contour describes the characteristically equable 

 dolicho-cephalic curve from the point where the glabella sinks 

 into the oblique faciesfrontalis of the osfrontis to the centre of the 

 superior squama occipitis^ where a spot r V' anterior to the upper side of 

 the external occipital protuberance, and T V anterior to the commence- 

 ment of a linea nuchce mediana, separated by a slight interval from 

 that largely developed ridge, marks the back of the skull. This 

 occipital dolicho-cephaly, plain enough also on simple inspection, is 

 further made manifest by its low antero-posterior index, 45, though 

 it is right to say that the skull has probably undergone some 

 compression with the usual result of producing a lengthening, and 



