DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES OF SKULLS. 617 



HELPERTHORPE. 



[xli. 3. p. 191.] 



SKULL OF A STBONG MAN PAST MIDDLE PEEIOD OP LIFE. 

 I. Measurements of Calvaria. 



Extreme length . . . 7'7" 

 Fronto-inial length to linea 



nucTice mediana . . 7'6" 



Extreme breadth . . 5'4" 



Vertical height . . . 6'2" 



Circumference , . 21 '5" 



Frontal arc .... 4'9" 



Parietal arc . . . . 5' 5" 



Occipital arc . . . . 4*6" 



Minimum frontal width . . 3 "9" 



Maximum frontal width . . 4'8" 



Maximum occipital width . 4-8" 



II. Measurements of Face. 



Length of face : ' naso-alveolar ' line .... 2'8" 



Height of orbit 1*5" 



Width of orbit 17" 



Length of nose 1-9" 



Width of nose 1" 



Lower jaw, depth at symphysis 1-9" 



Lower jaw, width of ramus on level of grinding surface 



of molar teeth 1-45" 



III. Indices. 



Length-breadth index : ' cephalic index ' ... 71 

 Antero-posterior index 51 



Facial angle to nasal spine 75 



Facial angle to alveolar edge 70 



The skull ' Helperthorpe, xli. 3,' is one which, except for 

 a certain asymmetry in its parieto-occipital region and a certain 

 wall-sidedness in its lateral temporal regions, might have passed, if 

 we were not acquainted with its archaeological surroundings, for a 

 modern skull. The curve described by its mesial antero-posterior 

 contour from the moderately developed supraciliary ridges to the 

 middle of the superior squama occipitis is much more equable than 

 is usual even in dolicho-cephalic skulls; and the comparatively 

 small development of the frontal sinuses and supraciliary ridges 

 makes us hesitate in ascribing any of the retreating of the frontal 

 region to the commencement of senile gravitation-changes. The 

 difference between the fronto-postremal length and the fronto-inial 

 length, measured in this case to the commencement of the lima 

 nuchce mediana,) which is distinguishable from the external occipital 



