UPON THE SERIES OF PREHISTORIC CRANIA. 629 



mediate forms, the ' Misch-Formen'' of the German anthropologists, 

 in the slightness and shortness of many of the limb bones of the 

 skeletons of the earlier periods, in the very frequent appearance of 

 a certain 'ill-filledness' in the skulls appertaining' to those skeletons, 

 and an equally frequent ruggedness in the skulls of the later ages, 

 and finally in the presence, in both series, of skulls which, while 

 retaining their respective type, were very much smaller than the 

 great majority of those classified with them. 



Questions of some difficulty as to the affinities of these two sets 

 of crania to those. of contemporaneous, of succeeding, and of still 

 existing races of mankind, are suggested by an inspection of them 

 in connexion with some other skulls ; and with these questions is 

 intimately connected the choice of the name,, whether 'Iberian' or 

 * Silurian,' ' Brigantian' or ' Cimbric,' which we may for the sake of 

 convenience impose upon the one or the other variety of skull. 



The effects which the mode of life possible to the inhabitants 

 of this country in the earlier and indeed also in the later of the two 

 periods of stone and of bronze, with which we have to deal, exercised 

 upon their bodily structure, form a further subject for thought and 

 enquiry, the materials for the prosecution of which however, being 



been occasionally found in our stone sepulchres ; but it may be taken for granted that 

 the people who constructed these sepulchres belonged to one of the dolicho-cephalous 

 races which still inhabit the greater part of the country/ 



Baron von Diiben (Compte Rendu-Congres internat. d'Anthropologie, Stockholm, 

 1874, torn. ii. 1876, p. 691), speaking of these brachy-cephalous skulls, says, ' Parmi 

 les cent cranes que j'ai examines du Danemark et de la Suede il s'en trouve une 

 dizaine de cette forme dont 5 du Danemark et le reste de la Suede depuis la Scanie 

 jusqu'en Vestergotlande. Us ont tous t exhume's des tombeaux de 1'age de la 

 pierre, les cranes sont tres arrondis, tres courts d'un indice allant jusqu'a 84-2. Grace 

 a cette forme ils contrastent au premier abord et fortement avec les autres cranes qui 

 sont dolicho-ce'phales, et eVidemment ils appartiennent a une race diffe'rente. Ce sont 

 les cranes que MM. Nilsson et A. Retzius ont attri hue's aux Lapons ; et certainement 

 quelques uns de ces cranes ressemblent tellement a ceux des Lapons que nos connais- 

 sances craniologiques actuelles ne suffisent pas pour y constater des differences. 

 Cependant d'autres faits montrent que les Lapons ont immigre" par le nord de la 

 Baltique et quails n'ont jamais habit la pe"ninsule Scandinave audessons du 62. Par 

 cette raison il faut attendre avant de decider sur ce point. Au reste si ce sont des 

 Lapons il se peut tres-bien qu'ils soient arrives comme esclaves ou comme amis de la 

 race dolicho-ce"phale e'tablie de Fautre cotd de la Baltique ou vraisemblablement ont 

 existe aux temps preliistoriques des relations intimes entre les Lapons et les races 

 gothiques.' 



As already stated, p. 589, there appear to me, so far as an examination of various 

 casts, figures, and descriptions enables me to form an opinion, to be two forms of 

 brachy- cephalic skulls reported to have been found in Danish tumuli of the stone 

 period. I cannot however perceive any close resemblance between either of these 

 forms and that of any one of several Lapp crania which the University Museum owes 

 to the kindness of Professor Eichwald and Mr. A. J. Evans, F.S.A., of Brasenose 

 College. See also infra, p. 665. 



