648 GENERAL REMARKS 



of them a certain number of what Professor Cleland has expressively 

 called ' ill-filled skulls ' were to be pointed out, the larger propor- 

 tion was to be found in the earlier of the two series. To this 

 subject we shall revert further on, and we may now proceed to 

 make some more detailed remarks upon the particular charac- 

 teristics of the long-barrow-period skulls. 



Viewed in the norma lateralis, skulls of this kind most usually 

 present us (see figure of ' Langton Wold, ii. 1,' p. 602) with a 

 contour line describing a more or less even oval curve from the 

 upper boundary of the supraciliary ridge to the centre of the 

 prominent occipital squama. A few instances however will be 

 found in which the upper contour line, instead of describing the 

 curve, will, after sinking into a broad undulation posteriorly to the 

 coronal suture, rise to its highest point in the middle third of the 

 parietal arc before passing on to the back aspect of the skull. They 

 thus reproduce on a small scale the peculiarities of the annularly 

 constricted variety of artificially deformed skulls (see p. 595 supra), 

 and, like these skulls, will be usually found to belong to individuals 

 of slight build and feeble physique. They resemble even more 

 closely in this point and some others the ' hypsistenocephali ' of 

 Dr. Barnard Davis. The one eminently distinctive and character- 

 istic point of these dolicho-cephalic skulls is the forward position 

 of the parietal tuberosities, and of the ear, with which is correlated 

 even in female skulls (as for example ' Sherburn Wold, vii. 1,' 

 p. 610) an oblique slope as opposed to a precipitous vertical dip in 

 the parieto-occipital region. The temporal lines and the half of 

 the lambdoid suture are seen laterally in nearly or quite their 

 entire length. The forehead may be, and indeed often is, low as 

 viewed in the norma later alls and narrow as viewed in the norma 

 verticalis, and may very well merit the description frons valde 

 depressa which Sir H. C. Hoare bestowed (Archselogia, xix. p. 46) 

 on some long-barrow skulls dug up by him ; but it rarely manifests 

 that pronounced obliquity, ( le front fuyant,' so common in brachy- 

 cephalic skulls, and shown so plainly in the figure of the skull 

 ' Hudstone, Ixiii. 9,' p. 590 supra. In many, and especially in the 

 weaker, dolicho-cephalic skulls the more strictly calvarial portion of 

 the frontal bone rises from a plane considerably posterior to that of 

 the supraciliary ridges, a peculiarity which, when the frontal rises 

 nearly vertically to the level of its tubera, and when, as is very 



denu auch das starkere erleidet Veranderungen, welche nur unter ganz ausnahmswei- 

 sen Bedingungen wieder verschwinden konnten.' 



