680 GENERAL REMARKS 



fraction as thirty-eight who had hair of other colours,, though I 

 must concede that eight black-haired Kerrymen had heads broader 

 by ^ per cent, than twenty-four others. The observations of my 

 friend Mr. Hector Maclean on the islanders of Islay and Colonsay 

 bear me out on this point very strongly, his black-haired men, 

 twenty in number, yielding a modulus of seventy-six, or 3 per 

 cent, less than that of their lighter-haired neighbours. Mr. 

 Maclean's measurements and my own loth indicate that a notable^ 

 though not very great inferiority in stature and bulk, does, on the 

 average^ characterise the black-haired tyioe? 



The tall powerfully-made brachy-cephalous Briton of the round- 

 barrow period all but certainly presented much the same combina- 

 tion of physical peculiarities as the modern Finn and Dane, whilst 

 of the feebler folk of the long-barrow times we may say with 

 nearly equal probability that they possessed, like the modern 

 English, Irish, Scotch, and Italian of similarly low stature, the 

 color ati vultus ascribed by Tacitus to the Silures, and supposed by 

 him to furnish some ground for connecting them with the Spanish. 

 The indications in favour of these views are as follows. The bronze- 

 period Briton very closely resembles in his osteological remains the 

 brachy-cephalous Dane of the neolithic period, and the likeness 

 between these and some of the modern Danes has been noticed by 

 Virchow in his valuable Memoir on Die altnordischen Schadel 

 zu Kopenhagen Arch, fur Anth. iv. p. 71, 1870. There are not 

 wanting, as already pointed out, p. 631 supra, reasons for supposing 

 that the brachy-cephalic people of the round-barrow period may 

 have immigrated into this country from the Cimbric Peninsula 1 , 

 that, in other words, the historical invasions of Cnut and Swegen 



1 Of the modern Danes we know from Dr. Beddoe's paper in the Memoirs of the 

 Anthropological Society, vol. iii. p. 382, that with the cephalic index of 80' 5 they 

 combine a stature of 5' 6' 9", which would be a fair average for Great Britain, eyes 

 which are almost always light and either blue or bluish-grey, and hair which is 

 generally either pale yellow or light brown. It would be interesting to know whether 

 in the exceptional cases, in which the hair is black, as in the Moen man of whom 

 Dr. Beddoe writes, the colour was not light in infancy ; this change being one which 

 is often observable amongst us now, as indeed it was among the Gauls in the time 

 of Strabo and Diodorus Siculus (and, as Mr. A. J. Evans informs me, among both the 

 Finns and the Lapps), and being one which, upon the principles of modern zoology, 

 should be taken to indicate that the parent stock was originally light-haired perma- 

 nently. The words of Diodorus Siculus ^v. 32) are ra iraioia irapd rofs FaAarcus 4/c yeve- 

 rfjs vrrapxtt iro\ia Kara TO TT\LGTOV irpo^aivovrcs 5c raTs fjXiKiais e?s TO TWV irar^pcav xpoafta 

 rats xpoais ^raa\r]iJiaTi^ovTaL. I should doubt, even as to the earlier race, whether 

 Jornandes, when he, in the words of Lipsius, adspexit imo transvripsit the chapter xi. 

 of Tacitus' Agricola relating to the Silures, had any real reason for substituting 

 'torto plerique crine et nigro nascuntur ' for the exact words of the great historian. 



