706 GENERAL UEMAEKS 



The somewhat rare anomaly constituted by the presence of two 

 roots to the lower canine has been noted by me in lower jaws from 

 no less than five of the earlier interments treated of in this book ; 

 from, to wit, the long barrow ccxxix. at Nether Swell, described 

 above at p. 513, and by me in the Journal of the Anthropological 

 Institute, Oct. 1875, vol. v. ; from the cremation long barrow at 

 Ebberston (p. 484 supra)-, from the chambered long barrow at 

 Rodmarton (Cran. Brit., pi. 59); from the Dinnington 1 barrow, 

 described by me in the Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 1863, 

 vol. iii. p. 254 ; and, fifthly, from the Longberry Cave, near Tenby, 

 examined by Mr. Laws (see p. 703 supra). The importance of this, 

 which may appear to some readers to be a curious rather than a 

 significant fact, will be seen very plainly when I add that all the 

 other lower jaws from every period, inclusively of the bronze down 

 to the present day, and from almost every variety of our species 

 available in the ethnological series of the Oxford Museum for this 

 comparison, have only furnished to me seven specimens with simi- 

 larly bifid canine-fangs, and that of these seven only one belonged 

 to a modern civilised race. This one presented other anomalies in 

 its dentition which should render it perhaps unnecessary to consider 

 it here, and the same may perhaps be said of yet another of these 

 seven, inasmuch as it belonged to the skull * Rudstone, Ixiii. 4,' 

 which has already been referred to (above, pp. 700-701) as fur- 



1 Some doubt may attach to the assignment of the Dinnington barrow to the long- 

 barrow period. I was not an eyewitness of the examination of it, though I, subse- 

 quently to the removal of it, made inquiries on the spot from persons concerned in 

 that work, and recorded them I. c. Eighteen more or less perfect skulls had been 

 reinterred after the removal of the barrow; these, through the kindness of J. C. 

 Athorp e Esq., I recovered ; they are all dolicho-cephalic, and measurements of them 

 were taken by Dr. Thurnam and recorded in the Memoirs of the Anthropological 

 Society of London, vol. i., and Crania Britannica, tab. ii. p. 242. Casts of one of 

 these skulls have been taken and are referred to by Welcker, Archiv fur Anthropo- 

 logie, i. 1, p. 149, and by Ecker, ibid. i. 2, p. 283, as illustrating well the ' Reihen- 

 graber' form of the latter anthropologist ; and Dr. Barnard Davis has described 

 this cast in his * Thesaurus Craniorum/ p. 10, as being ' very large, even enormous/ 

 and ' subscapho-cephalic/ I may mention in support of the view, which however I do 

 not hold to be absolutely proved, that this barrow should take rank with those of the 

 neolithic age, that out of twelve lower jaws recovered by me from the reinterment, no 

 less than six combine the wide ramus, the short coronoid, and shallow sigmoid notch 

 so characteristic of priscan jaws, with a rounded and slightly inverted angle; whilst in 

 three of the other six the same rounding of the angle of the jaw is present with the 

 same inversion, sometimes considered peculiarly significant ; and that whilst in many 

 cases the chin has an eminently feeble, in none of them has it the powerful develop- 

 ment so common in the lower jaws of the later occupants of this country. 



For other references to this Dinnington barrow, see Bulletin Soc. Anthrop. Paris, 

 ser. i. vol. v. pp. 541, 578 ; Natural History Review, April, 1865, p. 245 ; Archseologia, 

 xlii. p. 171. 



