BACTERIA 



105 



acter of the syrup, and its entrance and growth is frequently the cause 

 of serious loss. 



FLAGELLA. General Consideration of Flagella.* The flagella are 

 very narrow thread-like structures. It is not known how narrow since 



r 



FIG. 82. FIG. 83. FIG. 84. 



FIG. 82. Chromatium okenii; 2, Bacterium lineola; 3, 4 and 5, sulpho-bacteria; 

 7, Ophidomonasjenensis; 8, and 9, Spirillum undula; 10, Cladothrix dichotoma. (After 

 Biitschli from Guilliermond review, Bull. Inst. Past.) 



FIG. 83. Micros pira comma. Monotrichous bacteria. (After Migula from 

 Schmidt and Weiss.) 



FIG. 84, Pseudomonas pyocyanea. Monotrichous bacteria. (After Migula from 

 Schmidt and Weiss.) 



they cannot usually be seen without staining, and they can only be 

 stained by precipitating some chemical which may add considerably to 

 their width. They are frequently longer than the organism which 



mi 



FIG. 85. FIG. 86. FIG. 87. 



FIG. 85. Pseudomonas syncyanea. Lophotrichous bacteria. (After Migula from 

 Schmidt and Weiss.) 



FIG. 86. Spirillum rubrum. Lophotrichous bacteria. (After Migula from 

 Schmidt and Weiss.) 



FIG. 87. Bacillus typhosus. Peritrichous bacteria. (After Migula from Schmidt 

 and Weiss, and Frost and McCampbell.) 



possesses them and sometimes many times that length. B. sympto- 

 matici anthracis found in the soil has a flagellum sixty times its own 

 length. The arrangement of the flagella on the bacteria is quite constant 



* Prepared by W. D. Frost. 



