BACTERIA 117 



Not wholly as above 



Growing only in presence of hemo- 

 globin, ascitic fluid or serum 4. Hemophilus 



Growth on media scanty, but less 

 sensitive than the above; short rods 

 with tendency to bipolar stain 3. Pasteurella 



VII.*LACTOBACILLACE,E 



Generic characters mainly those of family. . i. Lactobacillus 



VIII. BACILLACE^E 



Aerobic, usually saprophytic; cells not 



greatly enlarged (if at all) at sporulation. i. Bacillus 

 Anaerobic, often saprophytic; cells fre- 

 quently enlarged at sporulation 2. Clostridium 



NOMENCLATURE 



It is most important that each kind of bacterium should have a 

 definite name. The name should be a binomial and not a trinomial. 

 It is also very desirable that all bacteriologists should adhere to the rules 

 that govern botanists in these matters. Probably the most important 

 points to remember are: To use Latin names for all groups; to recognize 

 only one valid designation for each organism or group and that the 

 oldest (with certain limitations); to designate orders with the ending 

 ales, families with the ending aceae, sub-families with oideae, tribes with 

 eae, and sub-tribes with inae-, to use generic names as substantives and 

 write them with a capital letter; to designate all species by the name of 

 the genus and a specific name or epithet, usually of the nature of an 

 adjective (the two names forming a binomial or binary name). 



RELATIONSHIP OF BACTERIA* 



There has been a great deal of discussion as to whether bacteria 

 are plants or animals. They were first described as animalcula and 

 to the popular mind they are usually animals or "bugs." It is dim- 

 cult to determine their exact relation philogenetically. These diffi- 

 culties are so great that some scientists, as Haeckel, would create a 

 new kingdom, call it Protista, and put in it some of the lower plants 

 and animals which are difficult to classify, together with the bacteria. 

 The bacteria are undoubtedly more closely related to the blue-green algae 

 than to any other forms of life. They resemble these organisms in form, 

 method of reproduction, and absence of definite nucleus. It is quite 



Prepared by W. D. Frost. 



