54 PTTLVINARIA YITIS. 



I do not anticipate, however, that it would in any way 

 differ from the male of var. ribesias hereafter described- 



I have made a careful examination of a long series 

 P. betuldB (Sign.), oxyacanthds, salicis, and persicdB 

 which have hitherto been considered distinct species, 

 and have found them identical with typical P. vitis from 

 the vine ; and, although I have retained P. ribesise as a 

 variety, I am not at all sure that it will not hereafter be 

 also placed as a synonym of P. vitis. With regard to 

 the Coccus betulse and C. carpini of Linnaeus, it is quite 

 doubtful whether these are referable or not to the 

 genus Pulvinaria. I have therefore placed them to- 

 gether Avith Hardy's Coccus fa gi and Pulvinaria populi, 

 as doubtful synonyms ; but I have little doubt as to 

 the two latter being referable to P. vitis. 



Distribution. Recorded by various authors from 

 Europe. Fitch has recorded it from the United States 

 of America, but Mr. Cockerell has stated that this 

 requires confirmation, 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



PL XLV, fig. 1. Female insects, natural size, in situ 



on a branch of the vine. 

 Fig. 1 a. Female insect in profile, showing the tilted 



position of the insect after parturition ; the 



dotted line indicates the extent of the ovisac. 



X 1*50. 

 Figs. 2, 2 a. Pair of typical antennae from adult 



female (a very large example). X 140. 

 Fig. 3. Antenna of adult female (smaller example). 



x 140. 

 Fig. 4. Example of seven- jointed antennae of adult 



female, x 140. 

 Fig. 5. Abdominal extremity of adult female 



showing derm-glands, anal lobes, and anal ring. 



X 70. 



Fig. 5 a. Anal lobe of adult female. X 250. 

 Fig. 5 b. Anal ring of adult female. X 250. 



