134 PHYSOKERMES ABIETTS. 



circular ; but the only example traceable appears 

 transversely ovate and without hairs. 



Long, 2*50-4*50 mm. 



Second-stage female elongate-ovate, flat, with the 

 margins slightly constricted at the spiracles. An- 

 tennae (PL LVIII, fig. 11) of six joints, the third being 

 equal in length to the fourth, fifth, and sixth ; formula 

 3, 6 (1, 2), 4, 5. Legs resembling those of Lecanium. 

 Ventral dermis (PI. LVIII, fig. 10) with wavy, con- 

 fluent lines of a bead -like structure, and short, isolated, 

 spiny hairs. Anal ring hairy, but the number of hairs is 

 doubtful. Colour pale reddish-brown, or pink, exactly 

 corresponding with that of the bark of the spruce. 



Male. Unknown in any stage in this country; but 

 Ratzeburg * gives a full description of it, accompanied 

 by excellent figures of the insect in various stages. 

 He describes it as yellow-brown, with the shield of 

 the thorax (? apodema) somewhat darker ; antennas 

 pale rosy red ; legs brownish-yellow ; eyes and ocelli 

 black; wings with the simple nervures red. The 

 antennae are described as having nine joints, but this 

 is probably an error of observation, the normal number 

 in the Lecaniinae being ten. His figure shows that 

 the insect is remarkably like the male of Lecanium 

 caprese (PI. LIV, fig. 10). 



Puparium of the male. I gather from Eatzeburg's 

 description and figures that this also resembles the 

 puparium of L. caprese. 



Ova at first pale crimson, but changing to dull 

 mauve, and distinctly farinose. 



Habitat. Exclusively confined to the spruce fir (Abie* 

 excelsa). Very abundant in Delamere Forest, Cheshire, 

 and more sparingly in other parts of the county. I 

 have found it also in the north-east district of Leeds ; 

 at St. Albans, Tring, and King's Langley, in Herts ; 

 Cheltenham, Witcombe district, and Painswick, in 

 Gloucestershire ; and in Flintshire, North Wales. Mr. 

 T. R. Hodges found it sparingly at Stratford-on-Avon ; 



* ' Forstinsecten/ vol. iii, p. 296, pi. xi, figs. 8, 8 E, r. 



