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its cousin, and whereas the latter sometimes gives 3 cuts, Lotus 

 v i 1 1 o s i s never yields more than 2, so that in regard to product- 

 ivity, it is the inferior of the two. Cattle are very fond of it; 

 more so than horses or sheep. 



Spring is the best sowing-time, and though it may be sown by 

 itself and as a separate crop, yet it is to be recommended to do 

 so with Oats or Summer-rye as a fore-crop, as it is not 

 until the second year it comes to its full development when it gives 

 a sufficient crop of its own. As, moreover, it has the habit of exten- 

 ding its roots in a creeping way and in every direction and turns 

 up its stalks at short distances, it stands to reason, that it spreads 

 easily and tends to increase the bulk soon after it starts to thrive. 



Like the coarse-grained variety, however, Lotus villosis 

 finds its greatest use in connection with grasses for either temp- 

 orary or permanent pastures. In this case, attention should be 

 paid to the fact that, whereas Lotus villosis requires a soil 

 widely different from L. corniculatus, viz a marshy moist 

 soil instead of a lighter or heavier drier ditto, the accompanying 

 grasses should be such varieties as equally prefer a moist soil. 

 Next to the Ryegrasses, Perennial and Italian, we would 

 therefore recommend in a fair proportion Alopecurus pra- 

 te n s i s (Meadow Foxtail], Festuca elatior (Tall Fescue}. 

 and next Avena flavescens (Yellow Oat-grass, true), 

 Anthoxanthum odoratum (Sweet-scented Vernal, true), 

 Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dogstail), Festuca pra- 

 te n s i s (Meadow Fescue) and Poa trivialis (Rough-stalked 

 Meadow-grass). 



Lupimis luteus (Yellow Lupin). This plant as well as the 

 blue-flowering variety has practically no other purpose except that 

 of either saving a seed-crop of it or, when the plants commence 

 to flower in June or July, having the field ploughed under as green 

 manure to serve for some autumn-sowing. In that case it is a 

 very good precedent to such an autumn-sowing of a field destined 

 for creating a pasture-land. It is, however, a plant for the lightier 

 sandy soils, where it thrives very well indeed and where it produces 

 an exceedingly large yield both for seed-saving and manuring. It 

 is sometimes, but very rarily, used as a green fodder for horses, 

 never for cattle, as these do not like it on account of its bitter 

 taste. Even horses are far from fond of it. Sown in spring the 

 Lupins shoot forth very rapidly and cover the field soon rather 



