NEW GUIDE TO ORANGE CULTURE. 17 



THE CITRON, (C. medica.) 



An irregular, branching, strong-shooting tree, with full head ; shoots 

 purplish ; leaves large, thick, oblong, wingless, and toothed ; flowers tinged 

 with violet externally ; fruit very large, warted, and furrowed ; rind white, 

 fragrant, and very thick ; pulp sub-acid. 



Used mainly for making conserves. The preserved citron of commerce 

 is made from the rind. 



Oranqe. Shape round like the orange; size large; skin pale yellow 

 and uneven ; inner skin white, thick, and coarse. DesirabJe. 



* Lemon. Shape oblong like the lemon; size very large ; color light 

 yellow ; skin irregular and glossy ; inner skin thick, spongy, and aromatic. 

 Best variety for general cultivation. 



THE SHADDOCK, (C. decumana.) 



A strong-growing tree, with thick spiny branches, distinguished by its 

 large leaves and broadly- winged leaf-stalks. Flowers large and white. 

 Fruit very large, globular, of a pale yellow color. More showy than useful. 



* Mammoth. This may be regarded as the type of the species. Size 

 very large ; skin smooth and glossy ; rind thick, white, spongy, and bitter ; 

 pulp green, watery, and sub-acid. The most desirable. 



Blood. Same as the above, with blood-red pulp. 



PomolO. Synonym, Grape Fruit. It is classed by some as a distinct 

 species, (C. Pompelmouse.'} It is undoubtedly a variety of the Shaddock. 



Size small ; skin smooth ; color pale yellow ; pulp sub-acid and refreshing. 



THE BERGAMOT, (C. bergamia.) 



This fruit is also known as the Bergamot Orange and the Bergamot Le- 

 mon, It is regarded by some as a variety of the Sweet Orange, and by 

 others as a variety of the Lime or Lemon. It is elevated by Risso to the 

 rank of a distinct species. 



The tree is of dwarf habit ; branches long, pliant, and spiny ; leaves re- 

 semble those of the Sweet Orange in shape, and of the Lemon in texture ; 

 flowers white ; fruit pear-shaped, pale yellow, with a green, sub-acid, firm, 

 fragrant pulp. 



It is largely grown in Europe to obtain the fragrant oil of bergamot, 

 which is manufactured from the rind. 



VulgariS. The type of the species, as described above. Valuable only 

 as an ornamental variety. 



