1 6 OUTLINES OF ANATOMY. 



The Lachrymal Apparatus, 904-5-6 ; Fig. 492. (883-4-5) 



Lachrymal gland. 



Carefully expose the anterior portion of the lachrymal gland in place, raise it slightly, and tease out the 

 minute, thread-like ducts passing from the gland to the conjunctival sac. 



Puncta lachrymalia. 

 Canaliculi lachrymales. 



Insert a small probe or a blunt pin in the canaliculi and trace them to the lachrymal sac, opening the 

 canal with the point of the knife. 



Lachrymal sac. 



Inner palpebral ligament or tendo oculi, Horner's muscle, 904. (883) 

 Outer palpebral ligament, 904. (883) 



Strip the ocular conjunctiva from the surface of the left eye and expose the tendons of the orbital 

 muscles at their insertion. Each tendon can be raised and supported on a small splinter while the 

 insertion is studied. See Fig. 481, P. 890. (869) 



Muscles of the orbit, 891 ; Figs. 481, 474. (870-1) 

 Superior and inferior recti. 

 External and internal recti. 

 Superior and inferior obliques. 

 Elevator of the upper lid. 



The student will now continue the dissection of the face. The risorius and platysma will first be 

 exposed. The facial branches of the great auricular nerve should be traced. 



Risorius, 465 ; Fig. 309. (459) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 

 Platysma myoides, 452-3-4; Fig. 309. (447-8-9) 



(Origin.) Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 



Divide the platysma along the lower border of the inferior maxilla or mandible, turn the facial portion 

 forward to its terminal insertion, then remove it. 



Facial branches of the great auricular nerve, 831 ; Fig. 451. (8n) 

 Parotid fascia, 468. (462) 



Carefully dissect off the fascia, exposing the parotid gland in place, and trace its duct forward to the 

 point where it enters the buccinator. The branches of the facial nerve and the transverse facial artery 

 will be seen emerging from the anterior border of the gland, and in exposing the gland great care must 

 be exercised not to injure these structures. One of the branches of the nerve should be traced back to 

 the main trunk of the facial, cutting away the substance of the gland in order to expose the nerve and 

 other structures passing through it. From the main trunk the radiating branches should be traced for- 

 ward to their terminal distribution, carefully clearing away the fat and connective-tissue. During the 

 process of exposing the branches of the facial nerve the muscles and vessels of the face will be gradu- 

 ally developed, and, so far as possible, should be exposed in place without injury. 



The salivary glands, 982; Fig. 559. (961) 

 Parotid gland, 982-3-4. (961-2-3) 

 Superficial area. 



Pterygoid, glenoid, and carotid lobes. Socia parotidis. 

 Duct of the parotid. 



Arteries. Veins. Nerves. Lymphatics. 

 The facial nerve. 



After its emergence from the stylo-mastoid foramen, the facial nerve runs down- 

 ward and forward within the substance of the parotid gland, and terminates by 

 dividing into two divisions an upper or temporo-facial, and a lower or cervico- 

 facial. Six branches are given off from the terminal divisions of the facial 

 nerve : 



(3), pes anserinus, 809-10; Fig. 449. (790) 



Muscles of the mouth, 461 ; Fig. 309. (455) 

 Orbicularis oris, 461. (456) 



Angular muscles of the mouth, 464; Fig. 309. (458) 

 Zygomaticus major, 464. (458-9) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 

 Depressor anguli oris, 465-6. (459-60) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 



