THE ABDOMINAL WALLS. 95 



The Liver: 



Right extremity. Left extremity. 

 Superior surface. 

 Inferior surface. 



Longitudinal fissure. 



Umbilical fissure. 



Quadrate lobe. 



Gall bladder, 1020-1. (998) 



Fundus. Neck. Body. 



General position, 1016-17-18. (994-5-6) 

 Ligaments of the liver, 1019. (997) 



Coronary ligament. 



Right and left lateral ligament. 



Broad ligament. Round ligament. 

 The spleen, 1025-6-7-8. (1003-4-5) 

 Position. Shape. 

 Surfaces : 



External or posterior surface. 



Anterior. 



Inner or renal surface. 

 Anterior border. Posterior border. 

 Size. Varieties. 

 General relations of the spleen. (1006) 



The general location of the kidney may now be determined, its exact position and relations will be fully- 

 considered later. The pancreas will also be exposed at a later period of the dissection. 



The kidneys, 1042-3-4-5. (10201-23) 

 (Position and relations.) 



Carefully trace the peritoneum and demonstrate its attachments, reflections, and relations to the abdomi- 

 nal walls and abdominal organs. Study the plan of formation of the amenta, mesenteries, and liga- 

 ments. 



The peritoneum, 989-90-1-2-3-4. (968-970-1-2) 

 Greater and lesser sacs of the peritoneum. 

 Foramen of Winslow. 

 Course of the peritoneum in a longitudinal section of the body. 



Recto-vesical pouch. Recto-vaginal pouch. 



Lesser sac. Great omentum. Lesser or gastro-hepatic oraentum. 



Gastro-splenic omentum. 



The gastro-phrenic and phreno-colic ligaments. 

 Fossa duodeno-jejunalis, 1002. (981) 



In connection with the demonstration of the peritoneum, the student should also read the chapter on 

 The Evolution of the Peritoneum and an Explanation of its arrangement in the Human Body. 

 Pages 1028-1041. (7006-70/9) 



The structures between the layers of peritoneum forming the mesentery and transverse meso-colon 

 should now be exposed. To do this, raise the great omentum and transverse colon and throw them up 

 over the lower wall of the chest. Draw down the mass of small intestines and spread them out in such 

 a manner as to expose the anterior peritoneal layer of the mesentery. Beginning at the upper part of 

 the jejunum and proceeding downward, strip off the anterior layer of peritoneum from the mesentery 

 of the small intestine, also the peritoneum covering the ascending colon, and the inferior layer of the 

 transverse mesocolon. Expose the mesenteric artery and trace its branches. The mesenteric veins, 

 nerves, the mesenteric glands and lacteals, will also be exposed at the same time. 



Superior mesenteric artery, 592-3-4; Fig. 366. (581-2-3) 

 Branches: Intestinal branches, or vasa intestini tenuis. 

 Ileo-colic 

 Right colic. 

 Middle colic. 



Inferior pancreatico-duodenal. 

 Variations in the superior mesenteric artery. 



Superior mesenteric plexus, 871. (852) 



