THE ABDOMINAL WALLS. 115 



Back of the Thigh. 



Continue the median incision on the back of the thigh and turn off the skin. In the superficial fascia 

 will be found cutaneous branches of: The small sciatic, 856-7 (837) ; External cutaneous, 85 1 (832) ; 

 Internal cutaneous, 852 (832-3) ; Obturator, 849 (829) ; these should be exposed in place, then turn 

 off the deep fascia (364) and expose the structures underneath. 



The hamstring muscles, 384 ; Fig. 291. (382) 

 Flexor biceps femoris, 384-5. (382-3) 



Origin, long head, short head. Insertion. 



Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. Variations. 

 Semi-tendinosus, 385. (383-4) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 

 Semi-membranosus, 386-7. (384-5) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. Variations. 



Note the bursx found in connection with the popliteal tendons, 1226-7. 



Great sciatic nerve. External and internal popliteal nerves, 858-9. (838-9) 



Branches. 

 Terminal branches of the perforating arteries, i-ii-iii-iv, 620. (608-9) 



Divide the adductor magnus and quadratus femoris at their origin and expose the obturator externus. 

 Carefully raise the obturator externus and trace the obturator vessels and nerve. Note the insertion of 

 the psoas and iliacus. 



Obturator externus, 383-4. (382) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 

 Obturator artery, 606-7. (595) 



External branch. Internal branch. 

 Obturator nerve, 849. (82930) 



Twigs from anterior and posterior branches to hip joint, and to muscles. 

 Psoas magnus, 366-7. (365-67) 



Insertion. Action. Relations in the thigh. 

 Iliacus, 368. (367) 



Insertion. Action. Relations. 

 Note : Muscles in relation with the hip joint, 264. (268) 



In front. Above. Above and behind. Below and behind. Internally. 



LANDMARKS OF THE LEG, AXKLE, AND FOOT. 



The Leg, 1228-1233. (1204-1209) 

 Bony landmarks. 

 Muscular prominences. 

 Vessels : 



Saphena veins ; internal, external. 



Popliteal artery. 



Line of posterior tibial artery. 



Line of anterior tibial artery. 



The Ankle, 1233. (1209) 

 Bony landmarks : 



Malleoli ; internal, external. 



The Foot, 1238. (1214) 

 Bony landmarks: 



(A) Along the inner aspect of the foot. 



(B) Along the outer aspect. 



Levels of the joints and lines of operations, 1238-9-40. (1214-15-16) 



Syme's amputation. 



Pirogoff's amputation. 



Chopart's medio-tarsal amputation. 



Lisfranc's or Key's or tarso-metatarsal amputation. 



Amputation of the great toes. 

 Line of dorsal artery, 1242. (1218) 

 Line of plantar arteries, 1242. (1218) 



