THE EVOLUTION OF A MOTHER. 283 



side — but what determines it on the physical side? 

 The thing that constitutes the difference between the 

 baby monkey and the baby man is an extra piece of 

 machinery which the last possesses and the first does 

 not. It is this which is keeping back the baby man. 

 What is that piece of machinery ? I A brain, a human 

 brain. | The child, nevertheless, is not using it. Why ? 

 Because it is not quite fitted up. Nature is working 

 hard at it ; but owing to its intricacy and delicacy the 

 process requires much time, and till all is ready the 

 babe must remain a thing. And why does the monkey 

 brain get ready first ? Because it is an easier machine 

 to make. And why should it be easier to make? 

 Because it is only required to do the life-work of an 

 Animal ; the other has to do the life-work of a Man. 

 Mental Evolution, in fact, here steps in, and makes an 

 unexpected contribution to the ethical development of 

 the world. 



An apparatus for controlling one of the lower ani- 

 mals can be turned out from the workshop of Nature 

 sometimes in a day. The wheels are few, the works 

 are simple, the connections require little time for ad- 

 justment or correction. Everything that a humble 

 organism will do has been done a million times by its 

 parents, and already the faculties have been carefully 

 instructed by heredity and will automatically repeat 

 the whole life and movement of their race. But when 

 a Man is made, it is not an automaton that is made. 

 This being will do new things, think new thoughts, 

 originate new ways of life. His immediate ancestors 

 have done the same, but done some of them so seldom, 

 and others of them for so short a time, that heredity 

 has failed to notice them. For half the life, therefore, 



