APPENDIX. 



Observations on the fall migrations of birds are so 

 seldom made that it is thought best to publish the fol- 

 lowing notes which were not inserted in their proper 

 place. 



Mr. Fannin wrote from Burrard Inlet, September 29, 

 1885: " Nearly all our summer residents are gone. A 

 few may remain about Frazer River, but this place is 

 about deserted." 



Dr. Williams, at Walla Walla, said that Dendroica 

 cestiva, Geothlypis trichas occidentalis, Icteria virens longi- 

 cauda, Chelidon erytkrogaster, Habia melanocephala , Pas- 

 serina amcena, Tyrannus tyrannus, Tyrannus verticalis, 

 and other summer residents were absent from that local- 

 ity as early as August 25, 1884. 



Anthus pensilranicus arrived there two days later. 



I made continuous observations at the summit of the 

 Central Pacific Railroad from August 1, 1885, to October 

 12, of the same year. This is an excellent station for 

 observing migrants. The least height of the summit is 

 about 7,000 feet, the adjacent peaks being about two 

 thousand feet higher. About the middle of August a 

 general southward or westerly movement of the fall 

 migrants began, unaccompanied with any marked 

 change of temperature. Many Clarke's crows and Lewis's 

 woodpeckers began to migrate as early as August 16, the 

 former following the divide, the latter taking their usual 

 southwest course, which would lead them to the Califor- 

 nia valleys where they were undoubtedly going, neither 

 species being turned from its course by the highest 

 peaks. 



This southward migration of Clarke's crow-continued 

 into October and was a surprise to me, as I had pre- 

 viously supposed that this bird was a non-migrant. 



