98 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



desirable and trim up those of value and plant other desir- 

 able trees and shrubs in proper relation to each other among 

 those standing (removing, of course, such as will absolutely 

 prevent the growth of the new ones), give them careful 

 fertilization, and then remove the old trees as soon as the 

 new ones have made growth enough to serve the desired 

 purpose of ornamentation. 



Preserving and Improving Deciduous Trees. 



In some cases deciduous trees may be found that by 

 severely heading in, as in Fig. 17, at the dotted lines a, in 

 a few years will become symmetrical and well-formed trees, 

 as in Fig. 18. Such trees as the elm, oak, maple, and many 

 others are very easily renewed in this way, but the ever- 

 greens when once they have lost their lower branches can 

 never be renovated without great expense and loss of time. 



Renewing Shrubs and Hedges. 



Overgrown shrubs may be more easily renewed than large 

 trees, as they will stand more severe pruning. If very 

 much overgrown and in clumps, a part of the main clump 



FIG. 56. FIG. 57. FIG. 58. 



FIGS. 56, 57, 58. A SHRUB DIVIDED AND PRUNED FOR 

 TRANSPLANTING. 



may be dug up and the remainder severely headed back, 

 when a wholly new top will be formed. This is illustrated 

 in Figs. 56 and 57. If the soil be then enriched and a 



