INJURIOUS INSECTS AND FUNGI. 269 



case it is desirable, if possible, to obtain a pump made as 

 near home as possible, that parts may be replaced or repairs 

 be made in case of breakage with as little delay as possible. 



Nozzles. 



The number of nozzles made for distributing insecticides 

 and fungicides is almost as great as that of pumps, and 

 there are many good ones. To do the best work the nozzle 

 must discharge a fine mist-spray that will settle upon the 

 foliage and other parts sprayed in very small particles and 

 not run off. The one that gives the finest spray without 

 clogging is the most satisfactory. 



To carry the spray to the tops of trees of medium height 

 the bamboo extension-rod or ^-inch brass pipe from 6 to 10 

 feet long can be used with success, but to carry it into very 

 tall trees the hose must be carried up into the tree and the 

 insecticides or fungicides distributed therefrom. With a 

 large pump worked by two or three men or a small engine 

 two or three streams may be thrown at once and the work 

 be done rapidly and cheaply. 



Some Common Insects Injurious to Ornamentals. 



ELM-BEETLE (Galeruca xanthomelcena) , Fig. 154. This 

 insect (&), a beetle of yellowish-brown color, about J- inch 

 long, somewhat resembling the striped cucumber-beetle, ap- 

 pears in the perfect or beetle form in early summer and lays 

 its eggs on the under side of the leaves as they unfold. These 

 eggs are bottle-shaped, of orange color, are laid in clusters 

 of from 5 to 20, and attached to the leaf by the larger end (e). 

 The eggs soon hatch, and the larvae (#), of a slender form, 

 about -^ inch long when fully grown, and yellowish-brown 

 color with a yellow line or band along the back, feed rapid iy 

 and in from two to four weeks descend to the ground, "where 



