320 LEADING AMERICAN MEN OF SCIENCE 



with the history of opinion and marked power of generalization." 

 For the most part they dealt with recent herpetology and ichthy- 

 ology and were demonstrative of the main evolution principles in 

 these groups. 



In 1865 he first began to extend his studies among the mamma- 

 lia, especially of the Cetacea, both recent and extinct, of the Coast 

 Tertiary. It was also in this year that he described a fossil verte- 

 brate for the first time the Amphibamus grandiceps from the 

 Coal Measures. Thereafter for many years he devoted his chief 

 attention to exploration and research. During a portion of this 

 time he made his home in Haddonfield, New Jersey, a place six 

 miles southeast of Camden, and there he began the accumulation 

 of those great collections of specimens, the descriptions of which 

 form perhaps his greatest contributions to science. In 1866 he 

 began his studies of the fossil vertebrates found in the Cretaceous 

 marls of New Jersey, where he procured the remains of dinosaurs, 

 "describing especially the carnivorous Lcelaps and grouping these 

 reptiles into three great suborders, Orthopoda (Hadrosaums and 

 Iguadori), Goniopoda and Symphopoda (Megalosaums, Lcdaps, 

 Compsognathus)" This was essentially his introduction into the 

 field of vertebrate paleontology, "in which, until his death, he was 

 considered by many as foremost in America, if not in the world." 



In 1867 ne examined the Eocene and Miocene beds in the south- 

 ern part of Maryland between the Potomac and Patuxent rivers, 

 and there made a collection of fossil vertebrates and mollusks. 

 There he found a dolphin with a long cylindrical muzzle which 

 he describes as "one of the most singular known ... as it is 

 new, species, genus and family." A year later he traveled through 

 the marl country with Prof. O. C. Marsh and he writes: 



"Prof. Marsh has studied and traveled in Europe for three 

 years, and is very familiar with their invertebrate fossils. We 

 have procured three new species of Saurians, apparently of known 

 genera; one a Mosasaurus, one a Gavial, and one of large size is 

 very near the Cetacea." 



He visited the mountain region of North Carolina in 1869 and 

 of this trip he writes from Raleigh, on December n: 



