EDWARD DRINKER COPE 335 



of mental phenomena, and applied his principles to these. He 

 believed that consciousness preceded the form in which we are 

 accustomed to witness its manifestation, namely organic tissue. 

 His latest definition of life was: 'Energy directed by sensibility, 

 or by a mechanism which has originated under the direction of 

 sensibility.'" 



In the year 1878, Cope purchased the rights of the owners of 

 the American Naturalist, a scientific periodical founded in 1866 

 by Messrs. Hyatt, Morse, Packard, and Putnam, then in the 

 splendid strength of their early manhood and fresh from the labora- 

 tories of Cambridge where they had been students under the elder 

 Agassiz. This journal was published in Salem, Massachusetts, 

 but Cope transferred its place of publication at once to Philadel- 

 phia where it was regularly issued by him at first in association 

 with Professor Packard, and then alone, aided, however, by a staff 

 of eminent specialists. Subsequent to 1887, he was its editor-in- 

 chief and sole proprietor. This medium afforded him an outlet 

 for his continuous stream of shorter articles and for the free expres- 

 sion of his very independent opinions upon current scientific move- 

 ments and topics. His last words appeared in the numbers issued 

 after his death and the leading article on those remarkable mam- 

 mals of South America, known as Toxodontia, in the June number 

 for 1897, was from his pen. Twenty octavo volumes (12-31) 

 form the record of his industry in this direction. 



With his retirement from Haverford College in 1867 Cope's 

 professorial work was entirely discontinued for more than twenty 

 years, although he gave lectures in his own home to special stu- 

 dents and from time to time he delivered public lectures, showing 

 the wonders of his western exploration to enthusiastic audiences. 



In 1873 he wrote: 



" Some one has just endowed a chair of natural history at Prince- 

 ton College to be called the Henry chair, and Professor H. recom- 

 mended me to Professor McCosh to fill it. .The latter objected 

 to my evolution sentiments, for those views are much condemned 

 at Princeton. I have not much intention of fixing myself there, 

 as the hours and work generally will probably require too much 

 time, but I may find the University of Pennsylvania better, 



