458 



INDEX 



Astronomy, 372, 374, 376, 388; see 

 also Newcomb, Simon 



Atolls, see Coral reefs 



Audubon, John James, birth, 71; 

 descent and early education, 72; 

 sent to America, 73; drawings of 

 birds, 73, 74; extravagant tastes, 

 73; return to France, 74; marriage, 

 74; business career, 74, 76; meet- 

 ing with Wilson, 76; applies for 

 position on Lewis and Clark ex- 

 pedition, 76;- financial calamity, 

 77; drawing portraits and teach- 

 ing, 77, 80; first idea of publishing 

 bird drawings, 78; friends and 

 enemies, 79; publishes one hun- 

 dred plates, 80; success in Edin- 

 burgh, 81; visits to America, 81; 

 letter press begun and work com- 

 pleted, 82; settles in New York 

 city, 82; preparation of Quadru- 

 peds of North America, 82; physi- 

 cal failure, 83; death, 84; attitude 

 toward Wilson and comparison 

 with, 67, 69, 84-86; merits of his 

 work, 84-87; assistance of Mc- 

 Gillivray in preparation of Synop- 

 sis, 85; personality, 71, 77, 80, 83, 

 87; also 272, 273, 427 



Audubon, John Woodhouse, 83 



Bache, Prof. Alexander Dallas, 132, 



134 



Bachman, Rev. John, 81-83 

 Bacon, Francis, Lord Verulam, 341, 



350 

 Bahama Islands, expeditions to, 442, 



443 



Baird, Spencer Fullerton, birth, con- 

 temporaries, and education, 270; 

 Secretary of Smithsonian Institu- 

 tion, 271, 275; other scientists 

 compared with, 271, 275; list of 

 works between 1858 and 1870, 

 272; versatility, 273; Commis- 

 sioner of U. S. Fish and Fisheries, 

 273; qualities as organizer, 277; 

 honors at home and abroad, 279; 

 domestic life, 279; death, 280; also 

 80, 83, 87, 313, 317, 392-394, 398, 

 402 



Bakewell, Robert, 105 



Bakewell, Thomas W., 76 



Balanoglossus, 441 



Baldwin, Loammi, 11-13 

 Baldwin apple, origin of, 13 

 Ball, Sir Robert S., 363 

 Ballistics, Science of, 18 

 Bancroft, Edward, 355 

 Banks, Sir Joseph, 19, 97 

 Barosaurus, 304 

 Barrier reefs, see Coral reefs 

 Barton, Benjamin S., 63, 95 

 Bartram, William, 57, 61, 64, 68 

 Bateson, William, 441 

 Batrachia, publications on, by E. D. 



Cope, 328, 329 

 Baur, Dr. George, 328, 329 

 Bavaria, Duke of, 20, 41 

 Bavaria, experiences of Count Rum- 

 ford in, 20, 27, 28; see also Munich 

 Beaman, Miss Mary, 163 

 Bean, Tarleton Hoffman, 399, 401 

 Beaufort, North Carolina, marine 



laboratory at, 441, 442, 444 

 Beck, Dr. Romeyn, 121 

 Bee, Cell of the, assertion concerning, 



by Lord Brougham, 197 

 Bell, John G., 83, 272 

 Bell, Sir Charles, 173 note 

 Benjamin, Dr. Marcus, 391 

 Berkeley, George, Bishop, 432 

 Berkeley scholarship, Yale, 289 

 Berlin, Fisheries Exhibition at, 



1880, 394 

 Berthelot, Pierre Eugene Marcellin, 



17 



Beyrich (Berlin), 290 



Bigelow, Dr. Jacob, 13 



Bigsby gold medal, 307, 337 



Billings, Dr. John Shaw, 277 



Birds, Kansas Cretaceous, 300 



Birds of America, by J. J. Audubon, 

 84 



Birds of North America, by Baird, 

 Brewer, and Ridge way, 272 



Bibb, The, 161 



Bibliographies of American Natu- 

 ralists, 402 



Black, Dr. Joseph, 98, 99 



Elaine, James Gillespie, 425 



Blake, Henry T., 115 



Blake, The, 401 



Blind-fish, 198 



Blum (Heidelberg), 290 



Bonaparte, Charles Lucien, 78, 84, 



iSS. 

 Bostwick, A. E., 375 



