314 



INDEX 



Promycelium, 89, Fig. 23. 



Proniiba, 257. 



Proteacese, 231. 



Protection against animals, 259, 260, 

 261, 272, 295. 



Proterandry, 250, 251. 



Proterogyny, 250. 



Prothallium (see " Gametophyte "). 



Protococcaceas, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 

 48, 49, 50, 51, 57, 60, 76, 77, 78, 79, 

 98, Fig. 7. 



Protococcus, 280. 



Protomyxa, 32. 



Protonema, 63, 114, 115, Fig. 29. 



Protophyte, Protophyta, 16, 37. 



Protoplasm, 3, 4, 22, 23, 61, 72. 



Psilotum, Psilotacea, 144, 147, 153. 



Pteridophyta, Pteridophytes (see 

 also "Ferns"), 16, 120, 122, 123, 

 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 132, 139, 143, 

 144, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 156, 157, 

 158, 159, 1(50, 161, 169, 172, 175, 176, 

 184, 196, 223, 225, 268, 273, 290, 291, 

 292, 293, 294 ; embryo of, 129, 130, 

 131; fossil P., 154, 155; gameto- 

 phyte, 123, 126, 127; heterospory, 

 148; sexual organs, 128, 129; spo- 

 rangium, 132; spores, 132; sporo- 

 phyte, 123, 124, 130, 131. 



Pteris aquilina, 136. 



Puff-ball (Lycoperdon), 87, 90, 93, 94. 



Pyrenoid, 39, 59, Figs. 6, 13. 



Pyreuoujycetes, 93. 



Rafflesia, 279. 



Rag-weed (Ambrosia), 241. 



Rainfall (a factor in distribution), 



229, 237, 239. 

 Ranunculus, Ranunculaceae, 186, 207, 



208, 217, 246, 247, 270; R. aborti- 



vus, 246; R. Calif ornicus, 246; 



R. Purshii, 270, Figs. 50, 59. 

 Rattan-palm, 278. 

 Ravenala, 193. 

 Ray flowers (of Compositse), 215, 



216. 

 Receptacle, 207. 



Red AlgfE (Rhodophycea3) , 49, 63, 



70, 72, 73, 74, 78, 79, 99, 222, 263, 



295, Figs. 19, 20. 

 Red-bud (Cercis) , 212. 

 Red cedar (Juniperus Virginiana), 



89, 90. 

 Redwood (Sequoia semper vir ens} , 



174, 227. 

 Reproduction, 3, 9, 25, 40, 41, 52, 55, 



58, 60, 62, 63, 65, 68, 69, 73, 78, 83, 

 104, 105, 264, 285. 



Respiration, 8, 24, 25. 

 Resting-spore (see also " Oospore," 

 "Zygospore"), 39, 41, 53, 54, 57, 



59, 60, 63, 264, 265; Chara, 63; 

 Confervacea3, 53, 54; fresh-water 

 Alga3, 264, 265 ; Fungi, 83, 85, 86 ; 

 Vaucheria, 57 ; Volvox, 41. 



Resurrection-plant (Selaginella lepi- 

 dophylla) , 273. 



Rhaphides, 260. 



Rhizoids, 86, 107, 126. 



Rhizome, 193, 264, 282. 



Rhododendron, 214, 240. 



Rhodophycea3 (see also "Red Al- 

 ga3 "), 49, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 78, 79; 

 color of, 71 ; continuity of proto- 

 plasm, 71; fresh-water R., 73; re- 

 production, 73, 74; Figs. 19, 20. 



Rhus (see " Sumach"). 



Ribes speciosum, 249. 



Riccia, 103, 106, 109, 110, 111, 118, 

 119, 122, Figs. 26, 27, 28, 33. 



Richardia, 246. 



Ricinus, 200, 209, Fig. 48. 



Rock-building Algae, 222. 



Rock-weed (Fucus) , 69, 70, Fig. 18. 



Rocky Mountains, 232, 237. 



Root-hairs, 281. 



Roots, 21, 30, 67, 68, 69, 113, 120, 122, 

 126, 129, 130, 131, 141, 144, 145, 162, 

 170, 171, 172, 182, 183, 185, 189, 204, 

 259, 267, 268, 276, 277 ; of Conifers, 

 170, 171, 172; of Cycads, 162; of 

 Dicotyledons, 189, 204; of Epi- 

 phytes, 277; of Equisetum, 141 ; of 

 Ferns, 122, 126, 127, 130, 131 ; Lyco- 

 pods, 144, 145 ; Monocotyledons, 

 183, 185, 268. 



