195 



Vernacular Names. Called " Cork-bark'd Casuarina" in the origiii.il 

 description. Its usual name is " Forest Oak," though this is not specially 

 appropriate, since ('. xn.l>i>rotia equally deserves such a name. Nevertheless 

 it will li- a convenience to adhere to "Forest Oak" for C. torulosa. Mr. 

 District Forester Stopford states that it is known as " Forest or Bull Oak " 

 in New England. We have another Casuarina to which the name " Bull 

 Oak" is commonly applied. I have heard, it called "Mountain Oak," but 

 this is not entirely appropriate. It is sometimes called " Beef -wood," 

 because of the rich dark colour of the timber. In Queensland it is some- 

 times known as " Red Oak." 



Bark. The bark of this tree is very deeply furrowed. 



Timber. Much used for fuel. The wood is close, and prettily marked, 

 yielding handsome veneers. It has a rich red colour, and the medullary 

 rays are very large. This handsome wood has a marking peculiarly its 

 own. The line of demarcation of the heart-wood is well defined. It is used 

 for cabinet-work, and produces very superior shingles. It is used for gun- 

 stocks at Taree. It is one of the best woods for oven fuel. 



Mr. District Forester Rotton speaks of it : 



Timber excellent for shingles ; also used, for bullock yokes and ladder rungs. 

 It is not suitable for bandies, unless kept from the influence of the weather, 

 as it is very liable to split when exposed to the influence of the sun. It has 

 been found suitable for chair legs, and is an excellent firewood. It generally 

 grows on high good land. 



Mr. District Forester Stopford, of Armidale, reports: 



Known locally as Forest or Bull Oak, and is, I believe, torulosa. The timber, 

 though not used in this district, should from its quality be classed as a com- 

 mercial timber. It grows. in this district to a height of about 30 feet, and a 

 girth measurement of from 3 to 4 feet. 



Fruits. The fruits are unique. (See figure.) 



Size. Of medium size, say, 40 feet feet, with a diameter of 1-2 feet. 



Habitat. This species appears to be confined to New South Wales and 

 Queensland. In New South Wales it extends from south of Sydney (I do 

 not know the precise southern boundary, but I have received it from Mr. 

 District Forester Rotton from Appin and Picton) to Central Queensland 

 (I do not know the most northerly locality). 



Westerly it is found near the Jenolan Caves; in the Liverpool Ranges, 

 New England, &c. It grows in the most sterile, stony land. 



Terry's Paddock, Eastwood, is the nearest locality to Sydney known 

 to me. 



It is found at Acacia Creek, Macpherson Range, according to specimens 

 received from Mr. Forest Guard W. Dunn, who says it " attains a height 

 of 25 or more feet." 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE (S.'J. 



A. Branch with young cones. 



B. Ripe cones. 



c. Ripe cone, shedding the seed (winged nuts), 

 i). Winged nut, containing seed. 



E. Branch with staminiferous flowers. 



F. Staminiferous flower. 



G. Whorled bracts, representing leaves, opened out. 



H. Portion of branchlet, showing portions of two joints. 



