530 CYCADOPHYTAN FRONDS [CH. 



from English rocks 1 enabled me to show that the pinnae are 

 attached to the upper face of the rachis. Zeiller 2 has also included 

 Zamiophyllum in Zamites, but Halle's recent definition 3 of the 

 latter genus excludes fronds of the Zamiophyllum type. Schimper 

 instituted the name Glossozamites' 1 for fronds bearing pinnae with 

 rounded and slightly contracted bases and borne on grooves on 

 the upper surface of the rachis (fig. 601, F). In venation the 

 pinnae agree with those of Otozamites but the base is not auriculate. 

 Kurr's Liassic species Pterophyllum oblongifolium 5 included by 

 Schimper in Glossozamites is probably an Otozamites. Another 

 species referred to this genus is Schenk's Podozamites Zitteli 6 

 from the Urgonian of Austria (fig. 601, F) : in this species the 

 slightly falcate pinnae with obtuse apices have rounded and not 

 auriculate bases and there is some evidence of a basal callosity. 

 This species agrees so closely with such atypical Zamites as 

 Z. gigas that it is difficult to see on what grounds the retention 

 of Glossozamites is desirable. A Portuguese specimen referred by 

 Saporta 7 to Glossozamites, G. brevis, is founded on a single specimen 

 very like a leaflet of Otozamites Klipsteinii (Dunk.) ; and G. parvi- 

 folia Yok. 8 from China has no claim to be included among Cycadean 

 fronds. Feistmantel's Glossozamites Stoliczkanus 9 is almost cer- 

 tainly a leaf of Cordaites. For certain fronds originally de- 

 scribed as Zamites Zeiller 10 has instituted the genus Plagiozamites. 

 An important question as to the type of frond which may con- 

 veniently be included in the genus Zamites was raised by the 

 application of this name by Heer to some Lower Cretaceous fronds 

 from Greenland, Z. borealis (= Ptilophyllum boreale, fig. 597), and 

 others which differ in the form of the pinnae from species usually 

 regarded as typical of the genus. Halle 11 accepts the Greenland 

 species as examples of Zamites though he distinguishes them by 

 a sectional name Sub-Zamites ; he defines Zamites as including 



Seward (95) A. p. 75. 



Zeiller (03) B. p. 165. 3 Halle (13 2 ) p. 55. 



Schimper (72) A. pp. 128, 163. 

 Kurr, J. G. (45) B. PL i. fig. 5. 



Schenk (71) B. p. 8, PL i. fig. 8. 7 Saporta (94) B. PL xvi. 



Yokoyama (94) PL xxi. fig. 5. 



Feistmantel (79 2 ) p. 18. This statement is based on an examination of the 

 specimen. 10 Zeiller (94) B. p. 174. 



11 Halle (13 2 ) p. 55. 



