XLV] DAMMARITES 249 



Dammarites borealis (Heer). -Though it is clearly impossible 

 to define with any precision the limits of species based on detached 

 scales varying considerably in size and shape, several types have 

 been recorded, particularly from different localities on the Atlantic 

 Coastal plain of North America 1 . The larger forms may con- 

 veniently be included in Dammarites borealis Heer and smaller 

 forms are illustrated by Protodammara speciosa Holl. and Jeff. 2 

 It is probable that these two types are generically identical, but 

 the name Protodammara implies the presence of certain structural 

 features while Heer's species is founded on 

 casts or impressions. A specimen of the 

 latter species from Greenland is shown in 

 fig. 733, the scale is 22 mm. broad and 

 is characterised by several parallel lines, 

 either vascular bundles or resin-canals, and 

 the white patches represent some exuded 

 resinous material. Other Greenland ex- FlG ' 7 . 33 ' ^ te * *' 



reahs. Cone- scale from 



amples are more elongated basally and are igdlokungnak, West 

 identical in shape with the smaller scales Greenland. (Stockholm 

 from Staten Island seen in fig. 758, E, F, 



page 323. Fossils of similar form were described by Heer from 

 the same locality as Eucalyptus Geinitzii 3 . Krasser 4 and some 

 other writers have retained the generic name Eucalyptus on the 

 ground of association with Eucalyptus-like leaves. Hollick speaks 

 of scales like D. borealis as ' among the most abundant and charac- 

 teristic remains found in the Cretaceous deposits of America and 

 Europe 5 ': he adds that the name Dammarites is chosen for the 

 sake of convenience rather than from a conviction that it represents 

 their true generic relationship. Newberry in describing this type 

 from the Amboy clays states that some of the scales have grooves, 

 corresponding to the dark lines in fig. 733, filled with amber 6 , 

 and anatomical evidence derived from Protodammara supports the 

 view that the cone-scales were rich in resinous substance. Both 



Hollick (97) PI. xi. figs. 58; (06) p. 37; Newberry and Hollick (95) p. 46. 



Hollick and Jeffrey (06) p. 199, PL i. figs. 513; PL IT. figs. 15. 



Heer (82) p. 93. 



Krasser (96) B. PL xvi. fig. 6. 



Velenovsky (89) PL r. figs. 28, 29. 



Newberry and Hollick (95) p. 47 and see also Berry (07). 



