310 CUPRESSINEAE [CH. 



apex, agreeing closely with some forms of Libocedrus and with the 

 younger branches of Frenelopsis. Though accurate determination 

 of the position of such specimens is impossible, they afford evidence 

 of the fairly widespread occurrence of Conifers in Mesozoic and 

 Tertiary strata exhibiting a striking resemblance in habit to 

 recent Cupressineous genera. 



Vegetative branches from Miocene beds in Spitzbergen and 

 Greenland referred by Heer 1 to Thuites Ehrenswaerdi and T. 

 Meriana respectively afford examples of specimens which would 

 be more appropriately included in the genus Cupressinodadus. 

 Similarly the fragments described by Goeppert and 'Menge as 

 Thuya Mengeana Goepp. 2 afford no convincing evidence of generic 

 identity with the recent genus. 



(iv) Species previously referred to Juniperus or Juniperites. 



Cupressinodadus hypnoides (Heer). 



The slender sterile branches from the Lower Cretaceous beds on 

 the West of Greenland described as Juniperus hypnoides 3 afford no 

 substantial evidence of relationship to Juniperus rather than to 

 some other member of the Cupressineae or Callitrineae. Specimens 

 from the same locality which may be specifically identical with 

 Juniperus hypnoides are described by Heer as J. macilenta*. The 

 leaves are very small and occur on the slender axes in opposite 

 pairs. Newberry records J. macilenta 5 from the Amboy clays 

 and states that cone-scales of Dammara are associated with the 

 foliage-shoots, though Hollick in a note to the description says 

 that he was unable to find any such scales with the vegetative 

 branches. Hollick and Jeffrey 6 figure specimens from the lignite 

 beds at Kreischerville as J. hypnoides and believed them to be 

 identical with those described by Newberry as J. macilenta ; they 

 also speak of the association of Dammara [Agathis] scales. 



The Tertiary Greenland species J. tertiarius and J. gracilis 7 , 

 founded by Heer on sterile branches, are equally unsatisfactory as 



1 Heer (71) iii. p. 38, PI. n. figs. 25, 26; (82) i. PL i. 



2 Goeppert and Menge (83) A. p. 44, PL xvi. figs. 211214. 



3 Heer (82) i. p. 47, PL XLIV. fig. 3; PL XLVI. fig. 18. 



4 Ibid. PL xxxv. figs. 10, 11. 5 Newberry and Hollick (95) PL x. fig. 7. 



6 Hollick and Jeffrey (09) B. p. 61, PL v. figs. 5, 6. 



7 Heer (83) p. 57, Pis. LXX., en., cvi. 



