XLVIIl] 



PITYOSTROBUS 



389 



2-25 cm. in diameter. The cone-scales are compared with those of 



Pinus excelsa, but the distal ends are stouter 



than in the recent species and more like those 



of P. Pinaster. Heer 1 compares P. Andraei 



with his Pinus Quenstedti from Moravia in 



which the scales have thick apophyses with a 



central umbo. The needles of the Moravian 



species are 20 cm. long and appear to be either 



3 or 5 in a fascicle. 



It is impossible within the limits of a general 

 text-book to discuss the bearings of the nume- 

 rous Tertiary records of Abietineous cones, 

 many of them undoubtedly borne by species 

 of Pinus. A few examples only are mentioned 

 primarily in order to draw the attention of 

 students to the importance of making a critical 

 examination of Tertiary and Pleistocene Coni- 

 fers. The neglect of Tertiary plants is largely 

 due to the unscientific treatment by authors of 

 detached leaves of Angiosperms which in many 

 instances are referred to recent genera on wholly 

 inadequate grounds, but the more trustworthy 

 nature of the material on which species of FIG. 782. Pityostrobu* 

 Abietineous cones are founded deserves careful (Pfa&et} Andraei. 

 consideration and would probably yield results nat e g r ize ^ 

 of considerable importance. 



Pityostrobus (Pinites) macrocephalus (Lindley and Hutton). 



This species, founded on a cone 12 cm. long and 6 cm. in 

 diameter, was in the first instance described by Lindley and 

 Hutton 2 from an account furnished by Prof. Henslow and named 

 Zamia macrocephala', it was found near Dover and believed to be 

 derived from the 'Greensand formation.' A second specimen from 

 Faversham in Kent was described by the same authors as Zamia 

 vvata 3 . Endlicher 4 assigned the cones to Zamiostrobus and Miquel 5 



1 Heer (69) p. 13, PL n. fig. 11. 

 3 Ibid. (37) A. PL ccxxvi A. 



2 Lindley and Hutton (35) A. PL cxxv. 

 4 Endlicher (40) p. 72. 5 Miquel (42) p. 75. 



