TESTUDINID^. 



413 



The length of the skull, from the snout to the hinder border of the exoccipital near the 

 condyle, is 50 mm. To the occipital condyle the length was from 3 mm. to 5 mm. more. The 

 width, measured over the auditory chambers, is 40 mm. Seen in profile, the upper surface of 

 the skull is convex from the snout to the base of the supraoccipital spine. The interorbital 

 region is 12 mm. wide. The zygomatic arch is 6 mm. wide; the postorbital arch, 5.5 mm. wide. 

 The orbits are nearly circular, the diameters being 15 mm. The nasal opening is 12 mm. wide. 

 The premaxillae project considerably beyond the anterior border of the prefrontals. The 

 longest diameter of the auditory chamber is 1 1 mm.; the shortest, 8 mm. The width of the 

 hinder pterygoid region is 12 mm. A prominent, but rather obtuse, ridge occupies the middle 

 of the palate. The sutures between the various bones can not be satisfactorily determined. 



536. 



538. 



FIGS. 536-538. Testudo peragrans. Skull and shell of type. 



536. Skull, left side. Xi. 538. Plastron. Xi- 



537. Shell, right side. Xi- ptr. I, first peripheral; hyo, hyoplastron; 



hyfo, hypoplastron; xifh, liphiplastron. 



Altho the shell is damaged so that little that is satisfastory can be learned regarding the 

 neural and costal plates and the costal scutes, the general form of the carapace and plastron are 

 well presented. The carapace (fig. 537) is broad, truncated in front, broadly rounded behind, 

 and quite convex. The hinder third is considerably higher than the middle and front portions, 

 and the descent posteriorly and over the inguinal notches is quite abrupt. It is possible that 

 this is due to some extent to distortion during fossilization, but there is no evidence of this. 

 The length of the carapace is 320 mm.; the width, 280 mm. The free borders in front and 

 behind are acute; but the peripherals thicken rapidly from the border, the second reaching a 

 thickness of 20 mm.; the tenth, a thickness of 25 mm. 



As stated, the characters of the neurals can not be determined. The costal plates are alter- 

 nately wider and narrower, the distal end of the fifth being 45 mm. wide, that of the sixth 30 mm. 

 The pygal is convex in all directions, on its hinder, or upper, surface. It is 36 mm. high on the 

 midline, 54 mm. wide above, 28 mm. wide along the free border. Its upper border is excavated 

 to receive the hinder suprapygal. 



Little can be learned regarding the epidermal scutes. 



Large portions of the plastron (fig. 538) are missing. The anterior lobe is 90 mm. long; 

 150 mm. wide at the base. The epiplastral lip is very prominent, projecting 30 mm. beyond 



