410 



FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



Spore-capsules, 281. 



Spore-cases, *258, *259. 



Spore-fruits, *254. 



Spore-plants, 231, 232. 



Spore-plants, classes of, 232. 



Spore-sacs, 263, 270, 273. 



Spores of slime moulds, 180. 



Sporophyll, 294. 



Sporophyte, 281, *282, 284, 285, 

 289, 291. 



Spruce, fertilized ovule of, *303. 



Squash seed, 5, 6. 



Squash seed, section, *6. 



Squash seedling, 25-27. 



Stamen, *197, 201, 202, *203. 



Stamen, parts of, *203. 



Standard, *199. 



Starch, 17-20, *19. 



Starch disappears during germi- 

 nation, 21. 



Starch in leaves, 169, *170. 



Starch-making, rate of, 170, 171. 



Starch, testing seed for, 18. 



Stem, 30-117. 



Stem, definition of, 62. 



Stem, dicotyledonous, annual, 

 gross structure of, 86, *87. 



Stem, dicotyledonous, minute 

 structure of, 86-98*. 



Stem, early history of, *95, 96. 



Stem, functions of cells of, 105, 

 106, 107. 



Stem, modifiability of, 79-82*. 



Stem, monocotyledonous, *83, *84, 

 *85, 86. 



Stem, structure of, 83-103*. 



Stemless plants, *72, 73. 



Stems, 62-118. 



Stems, climbing, 74, *75. 



Stems, storage of food in, 113-115. 



Stems, twining, *75. 



Stem-structure, early history of, 

 *95, 96. 



Sterigmata, *266. 



Sterilization, 238. 



Stigma, 201, *203. 



Stigma, structure of, 213-215*. 



Stinging hair, *184. 



Stipa, cross-section of rolled and 

 unrolled leaves of, *318. 



Stipe, *264, 265. 



Stipules, *135, 136. 



Stolon, with tips rooting, *374. 



Stomata, 104,*151, *152,*153,*154. 



Stomata, operation of, 158, 159. 



Stone-fruit, 224. 



Storage of food in the root, 46, *47. 



Storage of food in the stem, 113- 

 117. 



Strawberry, *226. 



Struggle for existence, 387-394. 



Study of buttercup flower, 195, 196. 



Study of lemon, 217, 218. 



Study of tomato, 217. 



Study of trillium flower, 192, 193. 



Study of tulip flower, 194, 195. 



Style, 201, *203. 



Sugar, 13, 116, 117, 168, 171, 172. 



Sugar, formed during germination, 

 13. 



Sugar-cane, cross-section of a bun- 

 dle from, *110. 



Sundew, *341, *342, 343. 



Sun-plants, *321. 



Supernumerary buds, 122, *123, 

 *124. 



Survival of the fittest, 394, 395. 



Swarmspores, 180. 



Sweet pea, flowers, *199. 



Symbiont, 340. 



Symbiosis, 273, 340. 



Symmetrical, 198. 



