154 KEY AND FLORA 



a. P. ma'jor L. COMMON PLANTAIN. Leaves large, ovate, 5-7- 

 ribbed, the petioles channeled on the upper side. A wayside weed, 

 introduced. 



b. P. lanceola'ta L. Hairy. Leaves long, lanceolate, 3-7-ribbed. 

 Flowers with conspicuous stamens ; at first in a head, lengthening to a 

 spike. Introduced. 



c. P. marit'ima L. Smooth, leaves linear, fleshy. Spike oblong. 

 This is found along the seashore. 



d. P. Patago'nica Jacq. A small annual covered with white silky 

 wool. Scape 2-3 in. high. Flowers in dense oblong spikes, except 

 in very small plants, where they form a head. Widely distributed. 

 This has been made to include many species which are difficult to 

 distinguish. 



RUBIA'CEJE. MADDER FAMILY 



Herbs or shrubs with opposite, entire leaves with stipules ; 

 or whorled leaves without stipules. Calyx and corolla 4-lobed, 

 adnate to the ovary. Stamens distinct, alternate with the 

 lobes of the corolla and borne on its tube. Ovary 2-5-celled. 

 Seeds with endosperm. The plants yielding coffee and quinine 

 belong to this family. 



I. CEPHALAN'THUS, Button Willow 



Shrub growing near ivater, with willow-like leaves, opposite 

 or whorled ; and scale- like stipules within the petioles. Flowers 

 in a dense, round head. Calyx pointed at base, 4-toothed. 

 Corolla with a long, slender tube and a small, 4-cleft border. 

 Stamens short. Style long, conspicuous, with a cap-like stigma. 

 Capsule, when ripe, splitting from the base upward into 2-4, 

 closed, 1-seeded parts. 



C. occidenta'lis L. Leaves lanceolate, 3-5 in. long. Heads 

 an inch in diameter, flowers cream-color. Common along streams 

 throughout California, except near the coast. 



II. KELLOG'GIA 



Low, slender, much-branched herbs. Leaves opposite, with 

 stipules between the petioles. Flowers small, dull purple, in 

 loose cymes. Calyx tube somewhat flattened, covered with 



