DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 171 



are in several rows, and have green and often leafy tips. 

 Akenes compressed, 4 or 5 nerved. Pappus dull white or 

 tawny, of numerous rough, capillary bristles, in a single row. 

 The disk flowers are yellow, often turning purple, and the rays 

 are white, blue, pink, or purplish. 



a. A. raduli'nus Gray. Stem simple below, from a few inches 

 to 1 or 2 ft. high, leafy, branching above to an open corymb of medium- 

 sized heads. Leaves diminishing towards the top, stiff and rough, 

 oblong or broadly spatulate, sharply serrate near the top, tapering 

 below. Bracts of the involucre stiff, appressed, with green tips 

 often glandular. Rays white, the disk corollas becoming reddish. 

 Pappus rigid. Monterey County to Washington. 



b. A. Chamisso'nis Gray. Stems 2-5 ft. high, leafy and branch- 

 ing, terminated by numerous medium-sized heads in long racemes or in 

 widely branching panicles. Leaves lanceolate, 2-5 in. long, entire or 

 slightly serrate, sessile. Bracts of the involucre in several ranks, 

 with short and rounded tips. Rays white, purple, or violet, 20-25, 

 nearly half an inch long. This is the most widely distributed 

 species. It is somewhat variable in the size and color of the rays 

 and also the inflorescence. Throughout California to Oregon. 



IX. ERIG'ERON 



This is similar to Aster, but the bracts of the involucre are 

 in a single row, or if there is more than one the ranks are not 

 distinctly apparent. The pappus is often in two rows, and 

 the rays are generally more numerous and narrower. 



a. E. glau'cus Ker. SEASIDE DAISY. Generally, low, perennial 

 herbs, growing in mats near the seacoast. Leaves and stem covered 

 with soft, spreading hairs. Leaves broad, entire ; the upper ones 

 sessile, the lowest narrowed to a margined petiole. Heads an inch 

 or two in diameter, with numerous violet or white rays, and the invo- 

 lucres soft-hairy and somewhat viscid. The stems are terminated 

 usually by solitary heads ; sometimes there are 3 or 4 in a cluster. 

 This is common on the coast, and in bloom throughout the year. 



b. E. Philadel'phicus L. Perennial herbs, with stems from 1 to 

 3 ft. tall, hairy. Root leaves spatulate or obovate, those on the 

 stem oblong, sessile by a broad, clasping base, irregularly toothed. 

 Heads in a loose corymb, with numerous very narrow pinkish rays. 

 This is common in wet places. 



c. E. folio'sus Nutt. Perennials, with several stems from a 

 woody root, simple, very brittle, and leafy up to the corymb, with 



