172 KEY AND FLORA 



a rough, grayish pubescence. Leaves narrow, an inch or two long, 

 entire, diminishing upwards. Heads with unequal bracts to the invo- 

 lucre and about 30 bluish rays. Inner pappus capillary, outer of a 

 few short bristles. Throughout California. Extremely variable. 



d. E. Canaden'sis L. FLEABANE. Annual with stems from 1 

 to 6 ft. tall. Heads very small, numerous in a loosely and much- 

 branched panicle. Leaves mostly linear, numerous. Rays white, 

 inconspicuous. This grows everywhere and is a common weed. 



X. BAC'CHARIS 



Dioecious shrubs having numerous heads without rays and 

 with the scales of the involucre in several rows. Pappus 

 capillary in one row, very abundant on the female flowers. 



a. B. pilula'ris DC. Stems much branched, erect, several feet 

 high, in bunches often forming thickets, or (on the coast hills) low and 

 spreading. Leaves sessile, wedge-shaped, dark-green, coarsely toothed. 

 Heads either solitary or two or three in a cluster in the leaf axils, 

 very numerous. Male heads yellowish white, the stamens conspicu- 

 ous, slightly surpassing the involucre. Female flowers noticeable, 

 because of the long snow-white pappus, which is much longer than 

 the involucre. This is very common along the entire coast in sandy 

 soil. It blooms in autumn and is often covered with small gall-nuts. 



b. B. Douglas'ii DC. Shrubby at base, glutinous, the herbaceous 

 branches terminated by compound corymbs. Leaves lance-shaped, 

 acute, 3-nerved. Scales of the involucre broader in the male heads than 

 in the female, hairy on the margin. Receptacle conical. Flowers 

 whitish. Common from San Francisco southward, along streams. 



c. B. vimin'ea DC. FLOWERING WILLOW. Shrubby, resembling 

 a willow, with woody branches. Stems 4-20 ft. tall. Leaves lance- 

 shaped, acute at both ends, entire or with a few teeth. Heads numer- 

 ous in corymbs terminating the branches. Scales of the involucre 

 very thin, with hairy, papery margins. Receptacle flat. This is 

 found along streams from Monterey southward. 



Tribe 3. INULOI'DE^:. Anthers with tails. Style branches 

 of perfect flowers neither truncate nor tipped with an append- 

 age. Ray flowers wanting in the Californian species. 



XI. PLU'CHEA, Marsh Fleabane 



Annual herbs growing in salt or alkaline marshes, glan- 

 dular, a foot or two high. Heads numerous in dense corymbose 



