NOVEMBER: SECOND WEEK 297 



Late summer and fall flowering shrubs and ornamentals 

 may be pruned now if there is likely to be lack of time for 

 doing this work in the early spring; the advantage in waiting 

 until the latter time is that winter injuries and killing back 

 may be attended to at the same time. 



A Stitch in Time for Spring Repairing 



Trellises or other supports for grapes and trained fruits 

 should be looked to now before the ground freezes, and any 

 needed repairs made. If this is put off until later there is 

 more danger of damage from winds and snows. If any new 

 wire is to be used, get the kind known as "spring coil," as 

 this will remain tight at all times, while ordinary wire soon 

 sags. If you will examine an old trellis you will see that 

 decay almost always starts around the nails. Paint all 

 nails and joints with white lead, and keep the whole trellis 

 painted every other season or so, with some neutral color. 



Espalier or lattice trained fruits are often planted in warm, 

 sunny, sheltered positions: if against a wall the support for 

 them should be a foot or more in front of the surface of the 

 wall, so that there may be room for the air to circulate freely 

 back of them. In such a situation injury is often caused 

 either during winter, from bright sunshine, or growth is 

 started prematurely in the spring, and damage done by late 

 frosts. Protection against these possibilities may be had 

 by thoroughly mulching the soil about the roots after the 

 ground freezes, and by shading the tops with a screen of ever- 

 green boughs: such a screen is not unsightly, and may be 

 constructed quickly and easily by lacing the boughs through 

 a few strands of stout wire placed a few feet in front of the 

 plants to be protected. 



Small fruits, growing in an exposed position, where ex- 

 perience has shown there is some danger of winter-killing, 

 may be protected by evergreen boughs' so placed as to shelter 

 them from prevailing winter winds. In very cold climates, 

 the cane fruits are given winter protection by laying them 

 down first loosening the roots with a fork, if necessary 



