the brooder pipes are closed and the valves to and 

 from the tank are opened, thus causing a circula- 

 tion through the tank and boiling the water. To 

 turn the circulation through the brooders again, 

 you simply close the valves nearest the tank and 

 open those leading to and from the brooders. 

 With the Von Culin system two pipes only are 

 used in the brooders ; other pipes may be run into 

 the rooms or passage. With the "top heat" 

 system four pipes are used. Either system is 

 simple, and may be laid by any handy mechanic 

 or plumber. Many poultrymen make and fit up all 

 their brooders and houses. 



SINGLE OUT-DOOR BROODERS. 



Where the climate will permit and you have 

 plenty of ground, the outdoor brooders can be 

 used without division fences, and in most places, 

 without any permanent fence at all, by simply hav- 

 ing one or two portable fences to place around the 

 brooder for two or three days, to colonize the 

 brood, then taken away and used for other brood- 

 ers. Scatter the brooders around the field or lawn, 

 and the chicks will have grass and larger range 

 than otherwise, which always reduces the expense 

 of raising them, gives them quicker growth and 

 better health. It is a profitable way to raise 

 broilers. 



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