ANNOTATIONS AND AUDITIONS. 359 



and Lindley. Japan has its indigenous willows, one of which, S. 

 japonica (Thunb.), is also found as a mountain plant in Nepaul. 



Previous to my expedition, the Indian Salix tetrasperma was the 

 only known intertropical species, so far as I am aware. We collected 

 seven new species, three of which were from the elevated plains of 

 Mexico, and were found to extend to an elevation of 8000 (about 

 8500 English) feet above the level of the sea. At still greater ele- 

 vations for example, on the mountain plains situated between 12,000 

 and 14,000 feet (about 12,790 and 14,920 English), which, we 

 often visited we did not find, either in the Andes of Mexico or in 

 those of Quito and Peru, any thing which could recall the small, 

 creeping, alpine willows of the Pyrenees, the Alps, and Lapland (S. 

 herbacea, S. lanata, and S reticulata). In Spitzbergen, where the 

 meteorological conditions have much analogy with those of the Swiss 

 and Scandinavian snow-mountains, Martins described two dwarf 

 willows, of which the small woody stems and branches creep on the 

 ground, and which lie so concealed in the turf-bogs that their small 

 leaves are only discovered with difficulty under the moss. The spe- 

 cies found by me in Peru, in 4 12' S. latitude, near Loxa, at the 

 entrance of the forests where the best Cinchona bark is collected, 

 and described by Willdenow as Salix humboldtiana, is the one which 

 is most widely distributed in the western part of South America. 

 A sea-shore species, S. falcata, which we found on the sandy coast 

 of the Pacific, near Truxillo, is, according to Kunth, probably only 

 a variety of the above ; and possibly the fine and often pyramidal 

 willow, which accompanied us along the banks of the Magdalena, 

 from Mahates to Bojorque, and which, according to the report of the 

 natives, had only extended so far within a few years, may also be 

 identical with Salix humboldtiana. At the confluence of the Rio 

 Opon with the Magdalena, we found all the islands covered with 

 willows, many of which had stems 64 English feet high, but only 

 8 to 10 inches in diameter. (Humboldt and Kunth, Nova Gen. 

 Plant, t. ii. p. 22, tab. 99.) Lindley has made us acquainted with 

 a species of Salix from Senegal, and therefore in the African equi- 

 noctial zone. (Lindley, Introduction to the Natural System of Bo- 

 tany, p. 99.) Blume also found two species of Salix near the Equa- 

 tor, in Java: one wild and indigenous, S. tetrasperma; and another 



