ANNOTATIONS AND ADDITIONS. 439 



que pasa al Oriente del Peru, por dar a entender, que esta al 

 Oriente." (Commentarios Reales, p. i. pp. 47 and 122.) Later 

 writers have tried to deduce the name of the Chain of the Andes 

 from "anta," which signifies "copper," in the Quichua language. 

 This metal was indeed of the greatest importance to a nation whose 

 tools and cutting instruments were made Hot of iron but of copper 

 mixed with tin, but the name of the " Copper Mountains" can 

 hardly have been extended to so great a chain; and besides, as 

 Professor Buschmann very justly remarks, the word anta retains its 

 terminal a when making part of a compound word : anta, cobre y 

 antamarca Provincia de Cobre. Moreover, the form and composi- 

 tion of words in the ancient Peruvian language are so simple that 

 there can be no question of the passage of an a into an i; and thus 

 " anta" (copper) and " Anti or Ante" (meaning, as dictionaries of 

 the country explain, " la tierra de los Andes, el Indio hombre de 

 los Andes, la Sierra de los Andes," *. e. the country of the Andes, 

 an inhabitant of the Andes, or the chain of mountains themselves) 

 are and must continue two wholly different and distinct words. 

 There are no means of interpreting the proper name (Anti) by con- 

 necting it with any signification or idea ; if such connection exist, it 

 is buried in the obscurity of the past. Other Composites of Anti, 

 besides the above-mentioned Antisuyu, are " Anteruna" (the native 

 inhabitant of the Andes) and Anteunccuy or Antionccoy (sicknes 

 of the Andes, mal de los Andes pestifero). v 



( 3 ) p. 413. " The Countess of Chmchon." 

 She was the wife of the Viceroy Don Greronimo Fernandez de 

 Cabrera, Bobadilla y Mendoza, Conde de Chmchon, who administered 

 the government of Peru from 1629 to 1639. The cure of the Vice- 

 Queen falls in the year 1638. A tradition which has obtained cur- 

 rency in Spain, but which I have heard' much combated at Loxa, 

 names a Corregidor del Cabildo de Loxa, Juan Lopez de Caiiizares, 

 as the person by whom the Quina-bark was first brought to Lima 

 and generally recommended as a remedy. I have heard it asserted 

 in Loxa, that the beneficial virtues of the tree were known long be- 

 fore in the mountains, though not generally. Immediately after my 

 return to Europe, I expressed the doubts I felt as to the discovery 



