448 PLATEAU OP CAXAMARCA. 



an "animal" fastened to a cord; but indeed, even in Spanish, "res" 

 is by no means limited to oxen, but may be applied to any tame 

 cattle. We cannot examine here how far the Padre m^iy have 

 mingled parts of his own sermons with the heresies of the Inca, 

 with the view of weaning the natives from the official and dynastic 

 worship of the Sun, the religion of the court. We see, in the very 

 conservative State policy, and in the maxims of State and proceed- 

 ings of the Inca Roca, the conqueror of the province of Charcas, 

 the solicitude which was felt to guard strictly the lower classes of 

 the people from such doubts. This Inca founded schools for the 

 upper classes only, and forbade, under heavy penalties, to teach the 

 common people anything, "lest they should become presumptuous, 

 and should create disturbances in the State !" (No es lecito que 

 ensenen d los hijos de los Plebeios las Ciencias, porque la gente 

 baja no se eleve y ensobervezca y menoscabe la Republica; Garcilasso, 

 p. i. p. 276.) Thus the policy of the Inca's theocracy was almost 

 the same as that of the Slave States in the United Free States of 

 North America. 



( 17 ) p. 433. " Tlie restoration of an empire of the Incas" 

 I have treated this subject more fully in another place (Relation 

 hist. t. iii. pp. 703-705 and 713). Raleigh thought there was in 

 Peru an old prophecy, "that from Inglaterra those Ingas should be 

 againe in time to come restored and deliuered from the seruitude of 

 the said conquerors. I am resolued that if there were but a smal 

 army afoote in Guiana marching towards Manoa, the chiefe citie of 

 Inga, he would yield Her Majestic by composition so many hundred 

 thousand pounds yearely, as should both defend all enemies abroad 

 and defray all expences at home, and that he woulde besides pay a 

 garrison of 3000 or 4000 soldiers very royally to defend him against 

 other nations. The Inca wil be brought to tribute with great glad- 

 nes." (Raleigh, " The discovery of the large, rich, and beautiful 

 Empire of Guiana, performed in 1595," according to the edition 

 published by Sir Robert Schomburgk, 1848, pp. 119 and 187.) 

 This scheme of a Restoration promised much that might be very 

 agreeable to both sides, but unfortunately the dynasty who were to 

 be restored, and who were to pay the money, were wanting ! 



