INDEX. 475 



Temperature. Contrast between the temperature of the east coast of 

 America and the west coast of Europe in the same latitudes, 

 114 ; general remarks on the temperature of the United States 

 of America, 115. 



Thian-schan, one of the four parallel mountain chains in Central 

 Asia, 74, 81. 



Thibet, occupying the valley between the great chains of the Kuen- 

 lun and Himalaya, divided into Upper, Middle, and Little Thibet ; 

 its mean elevation and description, 80. 



Tibbos, 70. 



Timpanogos, Laguna de, 55 ; is the Great Salt Lake of Fremont, 219. 



Traditions of Samothrace, 278. 



Trees, age of, 283 ; trees of highest growth, 338. 



Trisetum subspicatum, an inhabitant both of the Arctic and Antarc- 

 tic Circles, 353. 



Tuaricks, 70. 



Urwald, or primeval forest, a name too lightly used, 206 ; true cha- 

 racter of a primeval forest, 207 ; description of the nocturnal life 

 of wild animals in the Urwald, 209. 



Vegetation, its propagation and extension over newly formed lands, 

 230 ; the absence of trees erroneously supposed to characterize 

 hot countries, 232 ; extensive arid tracts in countries otherwise 

 of luxuriant vegetation a geological problem which has not been 

 sufficiently considered, 233 ; characteristic aspect of vegetation 

 in the tropics, 245; characteristic vegetation of the Alps and 

 Andes at great elevations, 248. 



Vesuvius, measurements of height at different periods, 384, 395 ; par- 

 ticulars of the eruption of 1822, 386. 



Vital force, the, orKhodian Genius, 403. 



Volcanos of the Thian-schan chain situated in the interior of Asia far 

 distant from the sea, 85 ; structure and mode of action of, 375 ; 

 instances of extensive volcanic connection, 381 ; importance of 

 repeating exact measurements of the heights of craters, 383. 



Willows, 244, 358. 



THE END. 



