AND OTHER FERMENTATIVE CHANGES 287 
closely resembling those in the urine of inoculation. A group of these from the 
Pasteur’s solution is represented at a, Plate VII. On the 3rd of January, 1872, 
I inoculated a second ‘ heated’ and covered glass of the same stock of Pasteur’s 
solution by introducing into it a drop from the former glass of the same fluid 
containing the growing organism, and in the course of the next twenty-four 
hours the cells of Toru/a Ovalis were again seen under the microscope in a deposit 
on the side of the glass. Next day, being about to return to Edinburgh, I intro- 
duced some of the contents of this second glass of Pasteur’s solution into a 
‘heated’ test-tube provided with an inverted test-tube cover, and packed the 
tube with cotton-wool in a box along with that containing the urine. Mean- 
while, although eleven days had elapsed since the urine was decanted into the 
test-tube for the journey south, the liquid remained perfectly transparent, and 
showed no appearance of any other organism besides the Torula Ovalis ; so that 
it may be assumed that the plants of filamentous fungi present in the original 
urine-glass had been avoided in the process of decanting, and that the Torula 
Ovalis existed in the test-tube unmixed with any other organism. 
Being occupied with other matters, I did not look at these test-tubes again 
until seven months had passed, during which time they had remained undis- 
turbed in the cotton-wool in which they were packed. This proved to have 
been a very fortunate arrangement, the long narrow form of the vessels and 
their covers, and the mass of cotton about them, having so interfered with 
evaporation, that a considerable proportion of the liquid remained in the glasses. 
On closely inspecting them on the 6th of August, 1872, I saw that in both the part 
of the glass that had been left dry by the slow evaporation was studded over with 
little round whitish gelatinous-looking bodies, smaller than pins’ heads, which 
I thought might perhaps be a fungus related to the torula, a surmise which 
was at once verified by examination of the glass containing the urine. Having 
raised the test-tube cover, after wiping its lower part with 1 to 20 watery solu- 
tion of carbolic acid, I succeeded in picking up with a mounted needle (passed 
through the flame after washing the wooden handle with carbolic solution), a 
portion of one of the little gelatinous bodies, and submitted it to the microscope. 
It proved to be made up of plants of an exquisitely delicate filamentous fungus, 
of which 6, in Plate VI, Fig. 6, represents one young plant entire, giving off 
a branch, and c a somewhat larger plant, bearing two oval bodies considerably 
thicker than the thread from which they spring, which must be looked upon as 
spores (conidia). In d, e, and f/ are given portions of other filaments bearing 
similar conidia. Such conidia were also seen free and pullulating, either in pairs, 
as in g, #, and 2, or more rarely in somewhat larger groups as at k, which, in 
fact, constituted a torula undistinguishable from the original Torula Ovalls. 
