CHAPTER XIII. — THE FRUIT AND SEED. 



"3 



common in the Pulse family. The Pea-pod, Fig. 326, is an 



illustration. 



(3) The Loment. This is a modification of the legume, 



which, instead of dehiscing longitudinally breaks up trans- 

 versely into segments, as the fruit of 

 Sanfoin, Fig. 327. 



(4) The Cochlea is a coiled legume 

 like that of the Medicago, Fig. 328. 



(5) The Capsule differs from the 

 dehiscent fruits above described in con- 

 sisting of two or more united carpels. 

 In this form of fruit, several modes of 

 dehiscence are observed. The rupture 

 of the pericarp may take place along 

 the sutures of the carpels, as is more 

 commonly the case, or independently 

 of them ; if the dehiscence is sutural, it 

 may be along the marginal sutures only, 

 along the dorsal sutures only, or along 

 both ; the splitting may be complete or 



riG.^s—Cochica of Medicago. only partial> and j t may be gi n either 



at the apex or at the base. Sometimes the valves, in separating, 

 carry the placentae with them, at other times the latter are left 

 behind, forming a central column, which is technically called the 



Fig. 3^7. Fig. 328. 



Fig. 327. — Loment of Sanfoin. 



Fig. 329. 



Fig. 330. 



Fig. 331. 



Fig. 320."-J>iagram of the s^ptici Jai dehiscence of a capsule. 

 Fig. 330 — Piag.-am of the seotif.-agal dehiscence of a capsule. 

 Fig. 331. — £>iagraiR of loculictdal dehiscence of a capsule. 



columella. The following are the commonest kinds of capsular 

 dehiscence : (a) The septicidal, in which splitting takes place 

 along the septa, or partitions, as in Fig. 329. (b) The septifragal, 

 where the valves break away from the septa, as in Fig. 330. 

 (c) The loculicidal, where the carpels open by their dorsal sutures 



