406 



GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



Bi-crenate. — Doubly scalloped. Applied 

 to a leaf whose margins have a double set 

 of scallops. 



Bi-dentate. — Doubly-dentate. Applied to 

 a leaf whose margin has a double series 

 of outwardly projecting teeth. 



Bi-facial. — Two-faced. Applied to a leaf 

 which has a distinct palisade tissue next 

 the upper epidermis. 



Biflorous. — Two-flowered. 



Bifurcate. — Possessing two forks or 

 prongs. 



Bi-labiate. — Two-lipped. Applied to 

 those gamophyllous corollas and calyxes 

 that have a more or less distinctly two- 

 lipped appearance. 



Bilocular. — Possessing two loculi. 



Biology. — The science of living beings. 



Bi-pinnate. — Twice pinnate. Applied to 

 a leaf which is twice compounded on the 

 pinnate plan. 



Bi-radiate. — Possessing two rays. 



Bi-serratb. — Doubly serrate. Applied to 

 a leaf whose margin has a double series of 

 teeth which incline toward the apex of the 

 leaf 



Bi-sexual. — Possessing both male and fe- 

 male organs ; hermaphrodite. 



Bi-sulcate. — Having two furrows. 



Bi-ternate. — Twice compounded on the 

 plan of three. 



Bostryx. — A belicoid cyme. 



Botryose. — The botryose type of inflores- 

 cence is one which is constructed on the 

 plan of a raceme. 



Bracteoles. — '(See Bractlets). 



Bracts. — The modified leaves borne on flow- 

 er peduncles or at base of flower clusters. 



Bracklets, or Bracteoles. — The smaller 

 bracts borne on pedicles. 



Bryology'. — The science of Mosses, also 

 called Muscology. 



Bulb. — A short underground stem covered 

 with fleshy leaf-bases or fleshy leaves, as 

 the Onion and Squill. 



Bulbil, or Bulblet. — Small bulbs of fleshy 

 buds frequently occurringon above-ground 

 parts of plants, as the bulblets of some 

 onions and of the Tiger-lily. 



Bullate. — Blistered or puckered. Applied 

 to certain leaf-surfaces. 



Bundle-sheath. — A limiting layer or cells 

 cither marking off a fibro-vascular bundle 

 from the surrounding tissue.or separating a 

 mass of woody bundles, forming the woody 

 cylinder, from the surrounding cortex. 



r'ADUCOUS.— Applied to the calyx when 

 it falls off before the flower expands. 



C/ESPITOSE. — Growing in bunches ; forming 

 a tuft or turf. 



Calcarate. — Spurred, as a spurred oalyx 

 or corolla. 



Callose. — Bearing callosities or hard pro- 

 tuberances. 



Callus. — A peculiar thickening deposit 

 found in the sieve-plates of sieve-cells. 



Calycine. — Belonging to the calyx. 



Calyculate. — Bearing bracts below the 

 calyx which imitate the latter in appear- 

 ance. 



Calyciilus. — The same as epicalyx. 



Calyptra — A cap, the remains of the arche- 

 gonium, raised on the top of the capsule 

 in mosses. 



Calyx. — The outer whorl of floral envelopes. 



Cambiform Cells. — Prismatic, thin-walled 

 cells associated with sieve-tissues in the 

 phloem. 



Cambium. — The forming tissue at the junc- 

 tion of the wood and bark in the stems of 

 Dicotyledons and Gymnosperms. 



Campanulate. — Bell-shaped. 



Campylotropous. — Applied to an ovule 

 whose body is bent so as to bring the mi- 

 cropyle and chalaza nearly to the same 

 level. 



Canaliculate. — Channelled or grooved 

 longitudinally. 



Canescent. — Possessingalongpubescence. 



Capillary. — Slender, hair-like. 



Capillitium. — Thread-like fibers com- 

 monly arranged in the form of a net-work, 

 and serving, by their elasticity, to loosen 

 and scatter the spores in the fructification 

 of the Myxomycetes. 



Capitulum. — A head. Applied to a flower- 

 cluster such as that of the clover, and also 

 to a rounded cell borne by the manubrium 

 in the antheridium of the Characea?. 



Capreolate. — Tendril-bearing. 



Capsule. — A dry, usually dehiscent fruit, 

 made up of two or more carpels. 



Carbohydrate. — A substance belonging 

 to the starch series of compounds, com- 

 posed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, 

 the latter two elements in the same pro- 

 portion as in the water molecule. 



Carpel. — A leaf modified so as to bear 

 ovules. Applied to a simple pistil or to 

 one of the leaf components of a compound 

 pistil. 



Carpellary. — Pertaining to the carpels. 



